摘要
目的 了解天津市≥15岁人群饮酒行为现状,为制定相关政策和干预措施提供科学依据。方法 依据2010-2012年开展的中国居民营养与健康状况监测采取的多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,分别抽取河西区、北辰区和静海县作为大城市、中小城市和农村监测点,每个监测点分别抽取6个居（村）委会,每个居（村）委会中各抽取75户,抽取膳食饮酒部分调查资料完整的≥15岁的常住家庭成员作为调查对象,共3 137人,分析其饮酒行为流行现状和特点。采用t检验、方差分析、秩和检验进行计量资料的统计分析,采用χ2检验或确切概率法进行计数资料的统计分析。结果 天津≥15岁人群的现在饮酒率、危险饮酒率和有害饮酒率分别为32.2%、3.5%和4.0%,饮酒者中平均每日酒精摄入量中位数（最小值~最大值）为29.26（0.00~546.27）g。男性现在饮酒率、危险饮酒率、有害饮酒率和酒精摄入量分别为55.9%、7.4%、8.5%和19.00（0.00~546.27）g,明显高于女性[12.6%、0.2%、0.3%和0.43（0.00~93.52）g],差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。北辰区居民的现在饮酒率（43.2%）、危险饮酒率（4.9%）和有害饮酒率（6.4%）均最高,静海县居民的酒精摄入量[22.00（0.05~540.00）g]最高;各年龄组中45~岁组饮酒率（38.7%）、危险饮酒率（5.5%）、有害饮酒率（6.5%）和酒精摄入量[16.64（0.00~546.27）g]均最高。饮酒主要类型依次为低度白酒（19.3%）、啤酒（17.2%）、高度白酒（11.7%）和葡萄酒（6.3%）。从饮酒频率≥1次/周的比例来看,4种酒从高到低依次为高度白酒（64.9%）、低度白酒（57.3%）、葡萄酒（47.9%）和啤酒（36.1%）;男性高于女性（男性低度白酒、高度白酒、啤酒、葡萄酒饮酒频率≥1次/周的比例依次为62.8%、67.8%、42.0%和59.7%,女性依次为25.8%、33.3%、15.3%和20.5%）,低、高度白酒以45~岁组最高（低、高度白酒饮酒频率≥1次/周的比例依次为65.2%、73.6%）,其次是60~岁组（低、高度白酒饮酒频率≥1次/周的比例依次为61.5%、70.2%）,而啤酒、葡萄酒年龄组差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;城乡中低度白酒、啤酒、葡萄酒均以静海县（低度白酒、啤酒、葡萄酒饮酒频率≥1次/周的比例依次为74.7%、54.3%、87.5%）为最高,高度白酒城乡间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 天津人群中饮酒是一种普遍的行为,并呈现快速增长趋势,需要进一步探索影响因素,并制定相关政策与重点人群干预措施,控制饮酒行为,减少饮酒相关问题的发生。
Objective To understand the drinking status in residents （ ≥15 years old） of urban and rural areas in Tianjin, and to provide the sc, ientific evidence for related policies and intervention measures. Methods The data of the National Nutrition and Heahh Survey tYom 2010 to 2012 in Tianjin was analyzed in present study. Stratified muhi-stage cluster random sampling method was used for sampling. Hexi District, Beichen District and Jinghai District were selected as the monitoring sites, 75 households were extracted from each Neighborhood committee （or Village committee）, 3 137 residents （ i〉 15 years old） with data of dietary drinking from above households served as the subjects： The epidemiological characteristics of drinking behavior were analyzed. The t test, ANOVA and rank test were used for analyzing the quantitative data, and X2 test or exact probability test was used to analyze statistically quantitative data. Results The current drinking rate, dangerous drinking rate and harmful drinking rate were 32.2%, 3.5% and 4.0%, respectively. The median （rain-max） of daily alcohol intake was 29.26 （0.00-546.27） g;the drinking rate （55.9%）, dangerous drinking rate （7.4%）, harmful drinking rate （8.5%） and alcohol intake （ 19.00, 0.00-546.27） g of males were significantly higher than those （12.6%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.43, 0.00-93.52 g） of temales （P〈0.01）. The current drinking rate （43.2%）, dangerous drinking rate （4.9%） and harmful drinking rate （6.4%） in Beiehen District （suburb） were the highest in 3 districts; the alcohol intake （22.00, 0.05-540.00 g） in Jinghai District （rural area） was the highest; the drinking rate （38.7%）, dangerous drinking rate （5.5%）, harmful drinking rate （6.5%） and alcohol intake （16.64, 0.00-546.27 g） in 45-59 years old group were the highest in all age groups. According to drinking rate, the order of alcohol types was low-alcohol liquor （ 19.3% ）, beer （17.2%）, high-alcohol liquor （11.7%）, wine （6.3%）. According to drinking frequency （≥ 1 time/week）, the order of alcohol types was high-alcohol liquor （64.9%）, low-alcohol liquor （57.3%）, wine （47.9%） and beer （36.1%）; the drinking frequencies （62.8%, 67.8%, 42.0% and 59.7% ） in males were higher than those （25.8%, 33.3%, 15.3% and 20,5%） in females. According to age, the frequency order of low-alcohol liquor and high-alcohol liquor was 45- years old group （65.2% and 73.6%） and 60- years old group （61.5% and 70.2% ）. There were no significant frequency differences of beer and wine between different age groups （P〉0.05）; the low-alcohol liquor frequency （74.7%）, beer frequency （54.3%） and wine frequency （87.5%） in Jinghai District （rural area） were the highest in 3 districts; there was no significant fi＇equency difference of high-alcohol liquor between different age groups （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Drinking alcohol is a common behavior which has been increased fast in Tianjin. The influence factors should be explored, the related policy and intervention measures for important population should be established to control the alcohol behavior and related problems.
出处
《中国慢性病预防与控制》
CAS
2016年第7期493-497,501,共6页
Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
关键词
现在饮酒率
酒精摄入量
危害饮酒率
有害饮酒率
Current drinking rate
Alcohol intake
Dangerous drinking rate
Harrrfful drinking rate
