摘要
女性在教育领域的优势地位日益成为社会学领域一个值得关注的话题。本研究使用"中国教育追踪调查"基线数据,从家庭环境和学校环境两个角度出发,借鉴社会互动论的理论视角考察了我国初中学生在家庭和学校生活中三类重要社会化主体(家长、同辈群体和老师)对教育期望的影响及其性别差异。研究发现:第一,女生的教育期望总体高于男生。第二,在家庭内部,男生得到更多的家长监督,但在学校,女生在上进同辈群体和老师的鼓励方面更有优势。第三,家长监督、同辈上进程度和老师鼓励程度均对教育期望有显著的正面影响,但其作用存在明显的性别差异。基于以上发现,我们认为,教育期望的"男孩危机"主要是在学校环境中产生。女性教育优势问题带来诸多两性不平等的新变化,这些新变化对性别平等观念、社会的性别秩序以及政策实践均有深远影响。
The advantage of females in education is becoming a topic of great concern in sociology. The present study, from the perspective of social interaction theory, investigates the effects of and gender difference in educational expectations of junior middle school students both at home and at school from three groups of the major subjects of socialization, namely, parents, peers, and teachers. The study shows that, first- ly, the educational expectations of girl students are higher than those of boy students; secondly, at home boy students are more under parents＇ supervision while at school girl students are more encouraged by aspirant peers and teachers; thirdly, parents＇ supervision, peers＇ progress, and teachers＇ encouragement all have a positive effect on educational expectations, in which, however, there is remarkable gender difference. According to above findings, the authors argue that the ＂crisis of boys＂ in educational expectations occurs mainly at school. The advantage of female education has brought about many new changes in gender inequality, which have far-reaching influence on gender equality, social gender order, as well as policies and practice.
出处
《江苏社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第4期121-132,共12页
Jiangsu Social Sciences
基金
南京大学"登峰人才支持计划(B层次)"的经费资助
