摘要
采用ERP技术考察身体锻炼对中老年人空间定向能力的影响。天津市天塔街社区的中老年参与者26人(锻炼者与非锻炼者各13人)参与了实验。结果显示,在完成心理旋转任务时,锻炼组反应时为1 116.877±258.821 ms,非锻炼组反应时为1 334.026±275.390ms,两组别反应时差异可靠,t=-2.072,P=0.049。脑电方面,中央点Cz上,锻炼组P3波幅为4.011±1.247μV,非锻炼组P3波幅为2.966±1.709μV;在顶点Pz上,锻炼组P3波幅为4.666±1.799μV,非锻炼组P3波幅为3.225±1.848μV。混合设计的重复测量方差分析显示,两组别的P3波幅差异可靠,F(1,24)=5.155,P=0.032,partialη2=0.177,两电极点上P3波幅的差异不可靠,F(1,24)=1.632,P>0.05,电极点和组别之间交互作用不可靠,F(1,24)=0.305,P>0.05。综上,锻炼者较非锻炼者在完成空间定向任务时反应更快,P3波幅更大,能够动员更多的神经元同步兴奋。这提示,身体锻炼可以改善中老年人的脑功能,在认知加工时,认知加工资源动员程度更高。
ERP technical was used to test the effect of physical exercise on middle-aged and elder people＇s spatial orientation ability.Twenty-six middle-aged and elder people from Tianjin Tower Street Community were invited to participate in this study.The results showed that exercise group reacted faster than non-exercisers in spatial orientation（1 116.877±258.821 ms vs.1 334.026±275.390 ms;t=-2.072,P=0.049）.EEG results showed that exercise group＇s amplitude of P300 in central point of Cz was 4.011±1.247μv,and 2.966±1.709μv in non-exercise group,as well as exercise group＇s amplitude of P300 in brain vertex Pz was 4.666±1.799μv,and 3.225±1.848μv in non-exercise group;Repeated measures ANOVA showed that there were significant differences between exercise group and non-exercise group on amplitude of P300[F（1,24）=5.155,P=0.032,partialη2=0.177].But,there were no significant between two electrodes＇ P300amplitude[F（1,24）=1.632,P〉0.05],also interaction between electrodes and groups[F（1,24）=0.305,P〉0.05].Conclusion：Exercise group,which can mobilize more excited neurons synchronization,have faster speed and stronger amplitude of P300 than non-exercise group when complete spatial orientation task.Those results suggested that physical exercise can improve brain function in the middle-aged and elder people,which can promote mobilization of cognitive processing resource at the moment of cognitive processing.
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第4期59-62,126,共5页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(13YJCZH246)
天津市高等学校创新团队培养计划资助项目
天津市"131"创新型人才培养工程项目
关键词
身体锻炼
中老年人
空间定向能力
P300
physical exercise
middle-aged and elder people＇s
spatial orientation ability
P300
