摘要
为了提高荷斯坦奶牛的繁殖力,改善乳成分,增加其乳肉综合经济效益,本试验以蒙贝利亚乳肉兼用牛为父本,荷斯坦牛为母本进行杂交。通过构建线性模型、拟合泌乳曲线、计算综合经济效益等对其F1代母牛(69头)与荷斯坦纯种母牛(74头)的产奶性状、繁殖性状、抗乳房炎能力及综合经济效益进行了对比研究。结果如下:在产奶性能方面,蒙荷F1母牛乳脂率(3.59比3.49,P<0.05)和乳蛋白率(3.25比3.12)(P<0.01)显著高于荷斯坦母牛,而体细胞评分(2.37比2.85,P<0.05)显著低于荷斯坦母牛;在饲料转化效率方面,泌乳盛期蒙荷F1母牛ECM/DMI(1.92比1.86,P<0.01)极显著高于荷斯坦母牛;在繁殖性能方面,蒙荷F1母牛的初产月龄(25.38比26.33,P<0.05)和空怀天数(87.35比107.16,P<0.01)显著低于荷斯坦母牛;在综合经济效益方面,蒙荷F1母牛第1胎次泌乳期305d经济效益比荷斯坦母牛提高了4 918.15元。总之,乳肉兼用型的蒙荷杂种牛较荷斯坦母牛具有高乳脂率、高乳蛋白率,抗乳房炎能力强、投产早、空怀期短、综合经济效益高的优点。
In order to improve the fertility, milk quality and comprehensive economic benefits of beef and milk, this study aimed at comparison the milk performance, fertility, mastitis resistance and comprehensive economic benefits of F1 heifers （whose male parent was Montbeliarde x female parent was Holstein） with that of pure Holstein heifers. The 69 F1 heifers and pure 74 Holstein heifers were selected according to their calving date. Traits were analyzed by building linear mod- el, fitting lactation curve and calculating the comprehensive economic benefits and so on. The re- sults were as follows：in terms of milk performance,fat percentage（3.59 vs. 3.49） （P〈0.05）and protein percentage（3.25 vs. 3.12） （P〈0.01）of the F1 heifers were higher than those of pure Hol- stein,and SCS of the F1 heifers was obviously lower than that of pure Holstein（2.37 vs. 2. 85） （P〉0.05） ;at peak lactation,the ECM/DMI of the F1 heifers was extremely significantly higher than that of pure Holstein（1.92 vs. 1.86） （P〉0.01） ;in terms of fertility,the age at first calving （25.38 vs. 26.33） （P〈0.05）and DO（87.35 vs. 107.16） （P〈0. 01）of the F1 heifers were lower than those of pure Holstein;in terms of comprehensive economic benefits, the economic benefits of the F1 heifers was increased by ￥4 918.15 compared with pure Holstein. In a word,the dual-pur- pose F1 heifers had the advantages of higher fat percentage and protein percentage in milk,stronger mastitis resistance,putting into production earlier, shorter DO and higher comprehensive economic benefits compared with pure Holstein.
出处
《中国兽医学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第8期1416-1421,共6页
Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science
基金
河北省重点科技支撑计划资助项目(13226604D)
关键词
荷斯坦杂交牛
乳肉兼用
综合性能比较
多元统计分析
Holstein crossbred
dual-purpose cow
comprehensive performance comparison
multiva-riate statistical analysis
