摘要
目的探讨杭州市食盐碘含量调整前后不同区域孕妇的碘营养状况。方法将杭州市12个县（区、市）分为城市、郊区和农村三类区域，采用随机数字表法在每个县（区、市）抽取1个调查点，分别在食盐碘含量调整前后在每个调查点抽取100名孕妇，采集家中盐样，采用硫代硫酸钠直接滴定法（GB13025．7-2012）检测含碘量；收集尿样，采用砷铈催化分光光度测定法（WS／T107．2006）检测含碘量。结果食盐碘含量调整前后全市各检测盐样1239、1233份，调整后孕妇家庭盐碘中位数（23．30mg／kg）低于调整前（30．09mg／kg，x2=-4．71，P〈0．01），但碘盐覆盖率与合格碘盐食用率[93．92％（1158／1233）；93．84％（1157／1233）]均高于调整前[91．85％（1138／1239）；91．37％（1132／1239），x2=4．01、5．51，P均〈0．05]，其中调整后城市和郊区碘盐覆盖率[99．42％（510／513）；100．00％（203／203）]与合格碘盐食用率[97．86％（502／513）；100．00％（203／203）]均高于调整前[86．71％（450／519）；98．00％（196／200）；77。26％（401／519）；85．00％（170／200）]，但调整后农村碘盐覆盖率与合格碘盐食用率[85．69％（443／517）；76．98％（398／517）]低于调整前[94．62％（492／520）；86．92％（452／520），x2=64．22、2．32、100．02、32．90、23．31、17．33，P均〈0．05]。食盐碘含量调整前后各检测孕妇尿样1234和1231份，调整后孕妇尿碘中位数（114．80μg／L）低于调整前（168．60μg／L，x2=36．92，P〈0．01），其中调整前城市、郊区和农村孕妇尿碘中位数（171.30、170，20、162.40μg/L）均高于调整后（101．00、149．48、119．90μg／L，x2=-7．78、-2．63、-6．28，P均〈0．01）。食盐碘含量调整后城市、郊区和农村三类区域孕妇尿碘组间比较差异有统计学意义（x2=32．86，P〈0．01），其中城市孕妇尿碘低于郊区和农村（x2=6．70、8．13，P均〈0．05）。结论在食盐碘含量调整后，杭州市孕妇碘营养水平有所下降。城市、郊区和农村合格碘盐食用水平和尿碘水平存在差异，应进一步提高农村合格碘盐食用水平并加强健康宣教。
Objective To explore the impact of iodine nutrition on pregnant women before and after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt. Methods Twelve counties （areas, cities） in Hangzhou were divided into urban, suburban and rural areas before and after adjusting the iodine content of salt. One survey spot was selected in each district and one hundred pregnant women were selected; family salt and urinary samples of each pregnant woman were collected. The levels of salt and urinary iodine were measured by the methods of picric sodium thiosulfate titrimetric （GB 13025.7-2012） and spectrophotometer （WS/T 107-2006）, respectively. Results One thousand two hundred and thirty-nine and one thousand two hundred and thirty-three household salt samples were collected before and after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt. The median of salt iodine of pregnant women （23.30 mg/kg） before adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt was lower than that after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt （30.09 mg/kg, x2 = - 4.71, P 〈 0.01）. The iodine salt coverage rate and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt [93.92% （1 158/1 233）, 93.84% （1 157/1 233）] were higher than those before adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt [91.85% （1 138/1 239）, 91.37% （1 132/1 239）, x2 = 4.01, 5.51, all P 〈 0.05]. The iodine salt coverage rate and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in urban and suburb areas after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt [99.42% （510/513）, 100.00% （203/ 203）, 97.86% （502/513）, 100.00% （203/203）] were higher than those before adjusting the iodine content in ig：dine salt [86.71% （450/519）, 98.00% （196/200）, 77.26% （401/519）, 85.00% （170/200）], but the iodine salt coverage rate and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt in rural area before adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt [94.62% （492/520）, 86.92% （452/520）] were higher than those after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt [85.69% （443/517）, 76.98% （398/517）, ~：= 64.22, 2.32, 100.02, 32.90, 23.31, 17.33, all P 〈 0.05]. One thousand two hundred and thirty-four and one thousand two hundred and thirty-one household urine samples were collected before and after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt. The median of urinary iodine （MUI, 114.80 μg/L） of pregnant women after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt was lower than that before adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt （168.60 μg/L, X2 = 36.92, P 〈 0.01）. The MUIs of pregnant women in urban, suburban, and rural areas （171.30, 170.20 and 162.40 μg/L） before adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt were higher than those after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt （101.00, 149.48 and 119.90 μg/L, X2 = - 7.78, - 2.63, - 6.28, all P 〈 0.01）. The differences of urinary iodine between groups were statistically significant in urban, suburban and rural areas after adjusting the iodine content in iodine salt （X2 = 32.86, P 〈 0.01）, the MUI of pregnant women in urban areas was lower than those in the suburban and rural areas （X2 = 6.70, 8.13, all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions After adjusting the iodine content of salt in Hangzhou, the iodine-nutrition level of pregnant women is decreased. But the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt and the MUIs in urban, suburb, rural areas are different, so the coverage of iodized salt at household level needs to be enhanced and the health education should be highlighted.
出处
《中华地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第8期597-600,共4页
Chinese Journal of Endemiology
关键词
碘
营养评价
妊娠
食盐加碘
Iodine
Nutrition assessment
Pregnancy
Salt iodization
