摘要
比较不同树形核桃枝条枯枝率、枝条粗度以及碳水化合物含量的差异,分析核桃枝条干枯与碳水化合物含量的关系,以进一步优化核桃经济栽培、提高核桃产量效益、促进核桃产业发展。以山西省翼城县16年生中林1号核桃品种为试验树,调查不同树形1年生枝条枯枝量,测量树冠内、中、外不同部位不同长度枝条粗度并采样,采用蒽酮-硫酸比色法测定休眠期各类枝条可溶性糖含量和淀粉含量。结果表明,自然圆头形核桃树树冠内膛和中部枯枝率均显著高于疏散分层形核桃树,且在树冠内膛自然圆头形核桃树枯枝率极显著高于疏散分层形核桃树;而在树冠外围2种树形枯枝率并无显著性差异。自然圆头形核桃树树冠内膛≤5 cm和〉20 cm枝条粗度均显著低于疏散分层形核桃树,而2种树形其余类型枝条粗度差异均不显著。自然圆头形核桃树树冠内膛≤5 cm,〉5-20 cm以及〉20 cm枝条粗度均显著低于树冠中部和外围,而疏散分层形核桃树这3类枝条粗度在树冠内膛、中部和外围均无显著性差异;在树冠内膛、中部和外围,自然圆头形≤5 cm,〉5-20 cm和〉20 cm枝条可溶性糖含量均低于疏散分层形;自然圆头形〉5-20 cm枝条可溶性糖含量在树冠外围显著高于树冠其他2种部位,≤5 cm和〉20 cm枝条可溶性糖含量在树冠3种部位间并无显著性差异;疏散分层形≤5 cm,〉5-20 cm和〉20 cm枝条可溶性糖含量在树冠中部均显著高于树冠内膛,与树冠外围枝条可溶性糖含量并无显著性差异。自然圆头形树冠内膛和树冠外围〉5-20 cm与〉20 cm枝条淀粉含量以及树冠中部≤5 cm和〉20 cm枝条淀粉含量均显著低于疏散分层形;自然圆头形≤5 cm枝条淀粉含量在树冠外围达到最高,〉5-20 cm枝条淀粉含量在树冠中部达到最高,〉20 cm枝条淀粉含量在树冠内膛达到最高;疏散分层形树冠内膛〉20 cm枝条淀粉含量显著高于树冠中部和外围。
The differences of withered shoot ratio, shoot diameter and carbohydrate content of walnut shoot in different tree forms were compared to reveal the relationship between wilt and carbohydrate content of walnut shoot, to further optimize the economic cultivation of walnut, improve the yield and benefit of walnut and promote the development of walnut industry. 16-year-old Zhonglin 1walnut trees from Yicheng county in Shanxi province were used as materials to investigate the withered shoot number of annual shoots in different tree forms, measure the diameter of the shoots with different lengths in interior canopy（IC）, middle canopy（MC）and peripheral canopy（PC）three different parts of canopy, and determine the contents of soluble sugar and starch of various shoots in dormant period using sulphuric acid-anthrone colorimetry. The results showed that withered shoot ratios of interior canopy and middle canopy in natural round shape（NRS）were significantly higher than those in evacuation layered shape（ELS）, especially the withered shoot ratio of interior canopy in natural round shape showed very significantly higher than that in evacuation layered shape, whereas withered shoot ratio of peripheral canopy in two tree forms had no significant difference. The diameters of shoots with lengths in ≤5 cm and 〉20 cm of interior canopy in natural round shape were significantly lower than those in evacuation layered shape, diameters of other various shoots in two tree forms had no significant difference. In natural round shape, the diameters of shoots with lengths in≤5 cm, 〉5-20 cm and 〉20 cm of interior canopy were significantly lower than those of middle canopy and peripheral canopy, however, in evacuation layered shape,diameters of shoots with three different lengths of interior canopy, middle canopy and peripheral canopy had no significant difference. In interior canopy, middle canopy and peripheral canopy, soluble sugar contents of shoots with lengths in ≤5 cm, 〉5-20 cm and 〉20 cm in natural round shape were lower than those in evacuation layered shape. In natural round shape, soluble sugar content of shoots with length in 〉5-20 cm of peripheral canopy was significantly higher than that of other two parts of canopy, soluble sugar contents of shoots with lengths in ≤5 cm and 〉20 cm of three parts of canopy had no significant difference. In evacuation layered shape, soluble sugar contents of shoots with length in ≤5 cm, 〉5-20 cm and 〉20 cm of middle canopy were significantly higher than those of interior canopy, and had no significant difference with those of peripheral canopy. The starch contents of shoots with lengths in 〉5-20 cm and 〉20 cm of interior canopy and peripheral canopy, and starch contents of shoots with lengths in ≤5 cm and 〉20 cm of middle canopy in natural round shape were significantly lower than those in evacuation layered shape. In natural round shape, starch contents of shoots with lengths in ≤5 cm, 〉5-20 cm and 20 cm reached the highest in peripheral canopy, middle canopy and interior canopy, respectively.In evacuation layered shape, starch content of shoots with length in 〉20 cm of interior canopy was significantly higher than that of middle canopy and peripheral canopy.
出处
《山西农业科学》
2016年第8期1095-1099,1107,共6页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
山西省重点研发计划农业项目(201603D221015-3)
山西省林业厅科技创新项目
