摘要
为优化玉米氮磷钾施用,提高玉米产量和肥料利用效率,开展了杂交玉米禾玉9566氮磷钾配施试验,探讨氮磷钾配施对玉米农艺性状、产量和养分吸收利用的影响。结果表明:氮磷钾配施能有效改善农艺性状,优化产量构成因子,主要是增加穗粒数,从而提高产量,对玉米产量的影响作用为氮>磷>钾。施氮、钾能提高玉米子粒和茎叶中氮、钾含量,施氮促进植株对氮磷钾的吸收利用,施钾可提高玉米子粒对氮、磷养分吸收量;氮磷钾三因子中促进养分吸收积累作用表现为氮>钾>磷。氮磷钾配合施用,可有效提高玉米植株对养分的吸收积累,子粒中氮、磷含量和子粒氮磷钾各养分吸收量均为最高,全株养分吸收总量也最高;每100kg经济产量N、P2O5、K2O养分吸收量分别为2.02、0.90、2.21kg,氮、磷、钾肥料利用率为33.28%、15.43%、48.79%,氮、磷、钾肥农学效率分别为13.07、5.59、3.34kg/kg。
In order to optimize the application of fertilizers including nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P） and potassium（K） and to improve the maize yield and utilization efficiency of fertilizers, the experiments were carried out to study the effect of N, P and K fertilizers on agronomic characters, yield and nutrient uptake and utilization of Heyu 9566 maize. The results showed that the combined application of N, P and K could effectively promote the agronomic characters, optimize the yield components through mainly increasing the number of grains per ear, so it could promote the comprehensive agronomic characters and yield of maize. N and K fertilizers could improve N and K concent of grain stem and leaves, N fertilizer promoted the absorption and utilization of N, P and K, K fertilizer could increase the uptake of N and P. The sequence was NPK in promoting absorption and utilization of nutriets. The combined application of N, P and K could effectively improve the absorption and accumulation of nutrients in maize plants, at the same time the contents of N, P in the seeds and the absorption of N, P and K were the highest in all treatments. The uptakes of N, P2O5, K2 O were 2.02 kg, 0.90 kg and 2.21 kg, respectively; the use rates of N, P and K were 33.28%, 15.43% and 48.79%, respectively; and the agronomic efficiencies for N, P and K were 13.07kg/kg, 5.59kg/kg and 3.34kg/kg respectively.
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第4期156-161,共6页
Crops
基金
国家农业部
财政部"测土配方施肥补贴项目"(2014)
关键词
玉米
施肥
农艺性状
产量
养分利用
Maize
Application of fertilizers
Agronomic traits
Yield
Nutrient utilization
