摘要
为明确四川省烟田杂草的种类、分布和危害情况,采用倒置"W"九点取样法对四川省主要植烟区289块烟田的杂草进行了调查。结果表明,四川省烟田杂草共有41科135属201种,其中优势杂草为马唐、尼泊尔蓼、空心莲子草、光头稗和辣子草5种,区域性优势杂草为鸭跖草、小藜、双穗雀稗、绵毛酸模叶蓼、马兰、野燕麦6种,常见杂草24种,一般杂草166种。对杂草群落的物种多样性进行测度,宜宾、达州烟区烟田杂草群落的物种丰富度最高,Gleason指数和多样性指数(Shannon-Wiener)最大,草种分布较为均匀;凉山州、攀枝花烟区烟田杂草群落的Gleason指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和均匀度指数(Pielou)均最小,但优势度指数(Simpson)最大,优势草种比较突出。聚类分析结果显示,四川烟田杂草群落可分为宜宾-泸州-广元-达州、凉山州-攀枝花和德阳3个类群,地理、气候条件以及除草措施的不同可能是导致烟田杂草群落结构差异的主要原因。
To study the species, distribution and damage of weed in tobacco fields in Sichuan Province, an inverted“W”9-point sampling method was used to investigate the weeds in 289 tobacco fields in Sichuan. The results showed that there were 201 weed species belonging to 135 genera of 41 families. Digitaria sanguinalis （L.） Scop., Polygonum nepalense Meisn., Alternanthera philoxeroides （Mart.） Griseb, Echinochloa colonum （L.） Link and Galinsoga parviflora Cav. were the dominant weeds. Commelina communis L., Chenopodium serotinum L., Paspalum distichum L., Polygonum lapathifolium L. var. salicifolium Sibth, Kalimeris indica （L.） Sch.-Bip. and Avena fatua L. were regional malignant weeds. Common weeds and general weeds included 24 and 166 species, respectively. The species diversity, Gleason index and Shannon-Wiener index of weeds were the highest in tobacco fields in Yibin and Dazhou, and the distribution of species was relatively even. Gleason index,＆amp;nbsp;Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index of weeds were the lowest, while Simpson index was the highest in tobacco fields in Liangshan and Panzhihua, and dominant species were outstanding. The results of cluster analysis indicated that the weed communities could be grouped into 3 categories according to regions：Yibin-Luzhou-Guangyuan-Dazhou, Liangshan-Panzhihua and Deyang. The differences of geography, climate and weed control measures may be the main reasons causing the differences in weed community structure in tobacco fields.
出处
《烟草科技》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第8期21-27,共7页
Tobacco Science & Technology
基金
四川省烟草专卖局科技项目“四川省烟田杂草的调查、演替规律及综合治理研究”[川烟科(2013)4号]
关键词
四川
烟田
杂草
群落
多样性
聚类分析
Sichuan
Tobacco field
Weed
Community
Diversity
Cluster analysis
