摘要
目的分析1974-2015年湖北省疟疾防治措施和流行趋势,为消除疟疾路径分析提供依据。方法回顾性收集、整理1974-2015年湖北省疟疾防治资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行统计分析。结果 1974-2015年湖北省疟疾流行历经4个阶段:1974-1979年为高发流行状态,年平均发病率为174.47/万;1980-1999年为控制及巩固阶段,采取以控制传染源和蚊媒为重点的防治策略,疟疾发病率呈大幅下降趋势,年平均发病率为17.30/万;2000-2009年,采取以传染源监测和控制疟疾暴发流行为主的防治策略,加强对流动人口管理,年平均发病率为0.42/万,呈继续平稳下降趋势;2010年之后为消除阶段,发病率继续下降,2013年首次无本地感染病例。各阶段年均发病率差异有统计学意义(c2=1 254.36,P<0.05)。结论湖北省疟疾流行趋势历经了高发流行阶段、大幅度下降阶段、低发平稳阶段和消除疟疾阶段,但影响疟疾发生的自然因素并未完全改变,加强输入性疟疾防控和全面监测工作是今后疟防工作的主要任务。
Objective To analyze the malaria control measures and epidemic trend in Hubei Province from 1974 to 2015, so as to provide the evidence for malaria elimination path analysis. Methods The malaria control data in Hubei Province from 1974 to 2015 were collected and analyzed retrospectively by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The epidemic process of malaria in Hubei Province was divided into four stages. From 1974 to 1979,it was high prevalence state of malaria,and the average annual incidence was 174.47/10 000. From 1980 to 1999,the main control strategies were to control the infection source and mosquitoes,and the average annual incidence was 17.30/10 000,significantly downward. From 2000 to 2009, through the surveillance of infection sources and controlling malaria outbreaks and strengthening the floating population management,the average annual incidence was 0.42/10 000. After 2010,followed by the elimination phase of malaria,the incidence continued to decline. In 2013,there was no local infection for the first time. The difference of average annual incidence among abovementioned stages was statistically significant（χ2=1 254.36,P〈0.05）. Conclusions The malaria epidemic process in Hubei Provincial experienced the high epidemic stage,sharply drop stage,low incidence phase and the elimination phase. However,the natural factors affecting malaria still exist. Therefore,strengthening the control of imported malaria and surveillance should be the main task in the process of eliminating malaria in the future.
出处
《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期393-396,共4页
Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control
基金
湖北省卫生计生委血防专项课题(WJ2015XA001)
湖北省疾控中心青年人才课题(Y2013X14)
关键词
疟疾
防治措施
流行趋势
湖北省
Malaria
Prevention and control measure
Epidemic trend
Hubei Province
