摘要
以毕节撒拉溪示范区为例,通过问卷调查和水质检测方法对黔西北喀斯特石漠化农村地区的饮用水现状进行调查。区内农户饮水水源为泉水和雨水,缺水现象严重。储水小水窖中大肠菌群和菌落总数指标都大幅超出国家生活饮用水质量标准;几乎所有雨水小水窖水的感官性状指标均超标,泉水小水窖则在雨季超标严重;这都与集、储水的设备及操作管理均过于粗放有直接关系。受黔西北铅锌矿产业污染影响,该区域水质中铅、汞含量超标;紧邻示范区的煤矿可能是致使区内饮水硫化物超标的主要原因。随着生活水平和知识水平的提高,村民具有强烈的净化水质意愿。针对以上污染形成原因,建议控制污染源头,在集雨过程中和用水终端进行水处理,保护黔西北喀斯特石漠化地区农村饮水水质安全。
Taking Salaxi demonstration area in Bijie city as an example,this study conducted questionnaire survey and water sampling tests on current status of drinking water quality in rural rocky desertification area of northwestern Guizhou province. The results show that drinking water sources in study area are rain and / or spring waters,and it is in shortage. Indexes coliform group and aerobic bacterial count of water sample of each cistern badly exceeds the limits of Standards for Drinking Water Quality of China; sensory properties of water in almost all rain-water-cisterns in both rainy and drought seasons and all spring-water-cisterns in rainy season exceed the limit of national standards; they are directly related to extensive managements for water collecting and storage. Pollutants released from lead and zinc mines in northwestern Guizhou province result in lead and mercury concentration higher than the limit of national standards; nearby coal mine may be the main cause of high sulfide concentration. The willing of purifying drinking water along with villagers＇ living and knowledge standards is much stronger.The authors finally put forward suggestions as pollutant sources controlling and water treatment before drink to improve drinking water quality in rural karst rocky desertification areas of northwestern Guizhou province.
出处
《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2016年第4期32-37,共6页
Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences
基金
国家十二五科技支撑计划重大课题(2011BAC09B01)
贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合SY字[2013]3144号)
关键词
黔西北喀斯特地区
石漠化
农村地区
饮水水质安全
northwestern Guizhou
rocky desertification area
rural area
drinking water quality safety
