摘要
采取田间试验方式,以单作烤烟为对照,研究了不同年度和烤烟生育时期烟蒜轮作、烟蒜套作对根际和非根际土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌、解钾菌和解磷菌数量变化的影响。结果表明:随生育时期推进,烟蒜轮作和烟蒜套作处理根际土壤细菌含量高于单作烤烟的趋势越来越明显。2014年,上部叶成熟期烟蒜轮作、烟蒜套作根际土壤细菌数量是单作烤烟的1.41倍和1.24倍。中部叶成熟期和上部叶成熟期,烟蒜轮作处理根际土壤真菌数量最少,但2014年烟蒜轮作和烟蒜套作处理下非根际土壤真菌数量高于单作烤烟处理。烟蒜轮作、烟蒜套作处理根际土壤放线菌数量高于单作烤烟,上部叶成熟期分别是单作烤烟2.01倍和2.93倍(2013年)、1.12倍和1.28倍(2014年)。烟蒜轮作、烟蒜套作处理根际土壤解钾菌和解磷菌含量在烤烟生长发育的中后期显著高于单作烤烟,且非根际土壤的解磷菌含量也呈现相同的趋势。不同年度,烟蒜轮作与烟蒜套作处理烟叶产量和上中等烟率均显著高于单作烤烟处理。烟蒜轮作和烟蒜套作种植模式能改良土壤根际环境微生物结构,维持良好的土壤质量状态。
The field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of tobacco garlic crop rotation and tobacco garlic crop intercropping on the bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, potassium bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria in rhizosphere soil and bulk soil at different mature stages in different years, and tobacco monoculture treatment was used as control. Results showed that, the numbers of bacteria in rhizosphere soil for the tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping treatment were greater than that of tobacco monoculture and this was more evident with increasing in growth period. The bacteria numbers in rhizosphere soil for tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping treatment were 1.41 and 1.24 times that of tobacco monoculture in 2014. The rbizosphere soil had the fewest fungi number for tobacco garlic crop rotation treatment at mature stage of middle leaf and upper leaf. But fungi number in non-rhizosphere soil for the tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping treatment were higher than that of tobacco monoculture. The actinomycetes number in rhizosphere soil for the tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping treatment were 2.01 and 2.93 times in 2013, and 1.12 and 1.28 times that of tobacco monoculture treatment in 2014. The numbers of the potassium bacteria and phosphate solubilizing bacteria in rhizosphere soil for the tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping treatment were significantly higher than that of tobacco monoculture from intermediate to final growth period, and the same trend was observed for phosphate solubilizing bacteria in non-rhizosphere soil. The tobacco yield and ratio of the middle and superior classes of tobacco leaves for tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping treatment were significantly higher than that of tobacco monoculture treatment in different years. The systems of tobacco garlic crop rotation and intercropping can improve the microbial structure and quality of the rhizosphere soil.
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期698-704,共7页
Soils
基金
四川省科技支撑项目(2013NZ0044)
贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司科技项目(2012-05)资助
关键词
烟蒜轮作
烟蒜套作
单作烤烟
土壤微生物类群
产量
Tobacco garlic crop rotation
Tobacco garlic crop intercropping
Tobacco monoculture
Soil microbial groups
Yield
