摘要
采用静态毒理学方法研究了不同碳酸盐碱度(3.5,5,6.5,8 mmol/L)胁迫对脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)生存、生长、繁殖及免疫酶活性的影响。结果表明,碳酸盐碱度对脊尾白虾的96 h LC_(50)值为8.73 mmol/L(p H约为9.15);脊尾白虾的死亡率、特定生长率、抱卵率、孵化率、性腺发育及变态幼体成活率随碱度的上升而降低,3.5 mmol/L的低碳酸盐碱度对脊尾白虾生长繁殖影响不显著(P≥0.05),高于该碱度则会显著降低其生长及繁殖能力(P<0.05);随着碳酸盐碱度胁迫时间的增加,各碱度胁迫组脊尾白虾鳃和肝胰腺中的免疫酶活性均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。研究结果表明,脊尾白虾具有较高的碳酸盐碱度耐受性,碳酸盐碱度为3.5 mmol/L时对生长和繁殖影响不显著,高于5 mmol/L时影响显著;高碳酸盐碱度胁迫下脊尾白虾可以通过调节免疫酶的活性更好地适应高碱环境。
Saline-alkaline water is relatively prevalent throughout China, where there are about 99.07 million hm2 of saline-alkaline land and more than 30.67 million hm2 of saline-alkaline waters. Because of the complex ion composition and high pH value, only a few bodies of saline-alkaline waters have been used to farm freshwater fish Many of these ventures have been unsuccessful, and so the fish farms have fallen into a state of neglect. Consequently, it is important to find ways to develop and use saline-alkaline soil and water resources. In recent years, Exopalaemon carinicauda has become one of the most important and extensively farmed shrimp species. Because of its strong ability to adapt to harsh environmental conditions, including ammonia nitrogen and pH stresses, E. carinicauda could be the ideal species for farming in saline-alkaline waters. Therefore, the aim of these experi- ments was to explore the effects of water carbonate alkalinity on the survival, growth, reproduction, and immune enzyme activities of E. carinicauda. The carbonate alkalinity dose lethal to 50% of E. carinicauda individuals （LC50） was determined in an acute stress experiment. For the LC50 experiment, individuals ofE. carinicauda were subjected to various levels of carbonate alkalinity （3.5, 5, 6.5 and 8 mmol/L） and then their growth and reproduction were evaluated. The LC50 was 8.73 mmol/L at 96 h. With increasing carbonate alkalinity, the mortality rate, specific growth rate, spawning rate, egg incubation rate, ovarian maturation, and metamorphosis larval survival rate of E. carinicauda decreased. In another set of experiments, the carbonate alkalinity levels were set to 5, 6.5, and 8 mmol/L, and the activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and superoxide dismutase were determined at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The activities of all three enzymes in the gill and hepatopancreas of E. carinicauda first increased and then decreased over time during carbonate-alkalinity stress. Our results indicated that E. carinicauda can adapt to a highly alkaline environment by regulating the activity of immune enzymes. E. carinicauda can be farmed in water with 3.5 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity, but cannot grow or develop normally in water with 〉5 mmol/L carbonate alkalinity. Therefore, water with high carbonate alkalinity must be treated to render it suitable for farming E. carinicauda. This study provides a scientific basis for the development of E. carinicauda aquaculture in saline-alkaline waters.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期1137-1147,共11页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31472275)
国家虾产业技术体系项目(CARS-47)
山东省泰山产业领军人才工程项目
关键词
脊尾白虾
碳酸盐碱度
生存
生长
繁殖
酶活力
Exopalaemon carinicauda
carbonate alkalinity
survival
growth
reproduction
enzyme activities
