摘要
为实现水泥混凝土路面错台自动检测,分析了主动光学三维形状测量技术,利用面阵CCD相机作为图像接收装置,构建了主要包括电源子系统、图像采集子系统、触发子系统与GPS定位子系统的基于线激光扫描的水泥路面错台检测平台。根据水泥混凝土路面三维检测数据的噪声特点来确定噪声滤波阈值,先进行均方差滤波,再对处理后的三维数据进行开运算和腐蚀运算,消除数据中的孤立点。根据滤波之后的三维数据矩阵大小分成均匀的块,利用块的均值消除斜面,再依次取消除斜面之后的三维信息数据矩阵的每一行的拐点,得出拐点矩阵,从而计算出错台量。为了验证检测方法的可行性和有效性,在实验室模拟了平行错台、梯形错台和交叉错台,按错台量的大、中、小分别进行3次检测,并与水准仪检测结果进行对比。对同一错台,用水准仪和三维检测方法分别进行10次重复性检测,分析了检测方法的重现性。试验结果表明:检测方法测量结果与水准仪检测结果的绝对误差中有96%小于1mm,水准仪检测结果的标准差约为三维检测方法的7.8倍,表明三维检测方法具有较好的准确性、稳定性和可重现性,可用于水泥混凝土路面错台自动检测。
In order to realize the automatic detection of cement concrete pavement fault, the active optical 3D shape measurement technique was analyzed, area array CCD camera was used to receive the measurement images, the detecting platform of fault was established based on the line laser 3D scanning, and mainly included the power subsystem, the acquisition subsystem of cement road surface image, the external trigger subsystem and the GPS positioning subsystem. The noise filtering threshold was determined according to the noise characteristics of 3D detecting data of cement concrete pavement, the open and corrosion operations were implemented for eliminating the isolated points in the data after the mean square deviation filtering. 3D data matrix was divided into homogeneous blocks according to its size, the blocks mean was used to eliminate the incline of data matrix, the inflection point matrix was obtained according to each row inflection point of 3D data matrix, and the faulting values were calculated. In order to verify the feasibility and validity of the method, parallel fault, trapezoid fault and cross fault were simulated and respectively detected three times according to the fault sizes in the laboratory, and the detecting result was compared with the testing result of leveling instrument. The same fault was repeatedly measured 10 times by the leveling instrument and the 3D detecting method to verify the reproducibility of 3D detection method. Experimental result shows that 96% of absolute errors between the measuring values using the 3D detection method and the leveling instrument are less than 1 mm, the standard deviation is about 7.8 times larger using the leveling instrument than using the 3D detection method, so the 3D detection method has higher accuracy, stability and reproducibility and can be used in the automatic detection of concrete joint fault. 3 tabs, 18 figs, 15 refs.
出处
《交通运输工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期26-36,共11页
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAG05B07)
陕西省青年科技新星计划项目(2011KJXX-35)
关键词
路面工程
水泥混凝土路面
错台
三维检测方法
线激光
pavement engineering
cement concrete pavement
fault
3D detection method
line laser
