摘要
为了探讨东北半湿润地区深埋秸秆和覆膜对土壤水分、玉米产量及品质的影响,以美津599为供试玉米品种,采用大垄双行种植方法,在沈阳地区进行田间小区对比试验.试验设置4 个处理：秸秆无膜（S）、秸秆＋覆膜（S＋M）、无秸秆＋覆膜（M）和无秸秆无膜（CK）,并对不同处理条件下土壤水分动态、玉米产量和品质进行分析.结果表明：S和S＋M 处理能够显著提高030cm 土层的土壤含水率,S 处理030cm 土层的玉米播种初始含水率分别比S＋M、M 和CK处理分别提高0.02,0.04,0.04cm3.cm^-3,玉米收获后,S 处理030cm 土层的土壤含水率比S＋M、M 和CK处理分别提高0.04,0.04,0.04cm3.cm^-3;S 和S＋M 处理的玉米产量均高于M和CK 处理,S＋M 处理产量最高,比S、M和CK处理分别增产0.731%、5.85%和10.75%.本研究结果还表明,半湿润地区深埋秸秆可有效提高农田土壤水分,深埋秸秆有效地利用了秋冬季降水资源,明显改善土壤的蓄水、保水和供水能力.覆膜措施在玉米生长中后期,不利于土壤水分状态的改善.
In order to explore the effects of deep buried straw and plastic film mulch on soil moisture, yield and quality of cornin the northeast humid areas, Meijin 599 of the corn variety and a large ridge of double cultivation methods were used toconduct the test in Shenyang. There were four treatments, including buried straw （S）, buried straw and plastic film mulch （S＋M）,plastic film mulch （M） and no buried straw and plastic mulch （CK）. The dynamic changes of soil moisture and yield and qualitywere analyzed under different treatments. The results showed that the soil moisture contents in the layer 0 to 30 cm wereincreased effectively in S and S＋M treatment. Compared with S＋M, M and CK treatment, before corn planting, the averagevolume of soil moisture in the soil layers of 0 to 30 cm in the S treatment increased 0.02, 0.04 and 0.04 cm3.cm-3, respectively.Compared with S＋M, M and CK treatment after the corn harvest, the average volume of soil moisture in the soil layers of 0 to30 cm in the S treatment increased 0.04, 0.04 and 0.04 cm3.cm-3 respectively. The yields in S and S＋M treatment were higherthan in M and CK treatment. The S＋M treatment was the highest. Compared with S,M and CK treatment, the yield in Streatment increased 0.731%, 5.85% and 10.75%, respectively. The results of this study showed that deep buried straw couldimprove soil water, rain resources in autumn and winter.Soil water storage, water retention and water capacity could be improvedsignificantly by deep buried straw. Soil moisture could not be improved by plastic film much in the late growing period of corn.
出处
《沈阳农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期493-498,共6页
Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University
基金
农业部公益性行业科研专项项目(201303125)
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2015020770)
关键词
深埋秸秆
覆膜
土壤水分动态变化
产量
deep buried straw
plastic mulch
dynamic change of soil moisture
yield
