摘要
目的调查和分析滇藏线3个不同地区冬季和夏季空气和土壤细菌及真菌的数量、种类及药敏情况。方法选择滇藏线沿线香格里拉、德钦和芒康3个高原不同海拔地区,在秋冬季和春夏季,应用平皿落菌法采集空气标本,随机布点法采集土壤标本,常规方法进行微生物计数、分纯、鉴定,药敏试验采用K-B法。结果香格里拉、德钦和芒康冬季空气微生物数量分别是(521.5±73.1)、(424.7±30.6)、(296.3±77.5)cfu/m3,土壤中分别是(8.38±1.49)×106、(7.03±1.19)×106、(5.58±1.06)×106cfu/g;3个地区夏季空气微生物数量分别为(662.6±60.4)、(543.0±62.3)、(384.1±47.4)cfu/m3,土壤中分别为(15.81±2.41)×106、(12.07±1.71)×106、(10.13±1.63)×106cfu/g。经统计分析表明革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌、厌氧菌及真菌所占百分比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),革兰阴性菌>革兰阳性菌>厌氧菌>真菌;分离的微生物对常用抗生素较敏感。结论初步掌握了滇藏线沿线3个地区冬夏季节空气和土壤中细菌及真菌的种类、数量和药物敏感情况,对该地区突发自然灾害和卫勤保障中感染性疾病的预防、诊断和治疗具有指导作用。
Objective To investigate the type and number of airborne and soil microorganism and their drug sensitivity from 3 districts along the Dian-Zang line in winter and summer. Methods In the midmonth of November, 2014, and of June 2015, 12 points from the east, south, west and north regions of Shangri-La, Deqin and Markam districts were selected separately as sampling points. The air sampling was performed by plate natural sedimentation, and the soil samples were collected through random distribution. The bacterial and fungus were isolated, identified and counted by routine methods. Drug sensitive test was conducted by K-B method. Susceptibility testing was conducted by K-B method. Results The average amounts of airborne microorganism in Shangri-La, Deqin and Markam were 521.5 ±73.1,424.7± 30.6 and 296.3 ±77.5 cfu/m3 respectively in the winter, and were 662.6±60.4, 543.0 ± 62.3, and 384.1 ± 47.4 cfu/m3 respectively in the summer. And the average amount of soil microorganism was （8.38±1.49） × 10^6, （7.03 ± 1.19） × 10^6, and （5.58 ± 1.06） ×10^6 cfu/g in the winter, and were （15.81 ± 2.41 ） ×10^6, （12.07 ± 1.71 ）× 10^6, and （10.13 ± 1.63） × 10^6 cfu/g in the summer, respectively in the 3 districts. The percentages of the germs were Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, anaerobic bacteria and fungi in turn, with significant differences among the percentages （P 〈 0.05 ）. In addition, most microorganisms were sensitive to the commonly used antibiotics. Conclusion The types and number of microorganisms in the air and soil and their drug sensitivities are obtained in the 3 districts along the Dian-Zang line, which provides the guidence for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of natural disasters and infectious diseases.
出处
《第三军医大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第18期2029-2035,共7页
Journal of Third Military Medical University
基金
成都军区"十二五"计划面上项目(C14015)~~
关键词
滇藏线
空气
微生物
种类
药敏
Dian-Zang line
air
microorganism
genera, drug sensitivity
