摘要
生态可持续发展是区域永续发展的重要条件,西南岩溶石山地区生态承载力供给状况及其支撑社会经济发展的水平是地区发展关注的重要问题。文章以贵州为例,采用基于生态足迹理论下的生态承载力计算方法,利用贵州1978-2013年各类型土地利用面积数据计算并分析了贵州生态承载力的演变特征和动力机制。结果表明:贵州多年平均的生态承载力总量为2 690.560万hm^2;经历了1978-1986年的低值期(年均2 440.734万hm2)、1987-1989年的提高过渡期,到1990-2013年达到较高水平(多年平均值2 899.654万hm^2);但贵州的人均生态承载力总体上呈降低趋势(多年平均值为0.796hm^2);各类土地提供的承载力中,耕地的生态承载力最大,占65.9%,其次是林地占25.4%,建筑用地占7.2%,牧草地占1.4%,水域约占0.13%;1978-1985年,贵州生态有盈余,但逐年减少,从1986年开始出现亏损,并呈逐年增大趋势;贵州生态承载力的演变主要受土地利用方式、土地生产能力和人口数量的驱动。
The ecological ment. The status of the fast social and economic as an example, to study culation of have been sustainable development is an important condition for regional sustainable develop- ecological carrying capacity and whether the ecological carrying capacity can support development have been important issues. In this article, Guizhou Province is taken carrying capacity based on ecological footprint theory. Data on each type of land use in Guizhou collected and calculated from 1978--2013. The results show that- the multi-year average total eco logical carrying capacity is 2,690. 560 × 10^4 hm^2. From 1978 to 1986, the average total ecological carrying capacity is relatively low with the value of 2,440. 734× 10^4hm^2 ; then from 1987 to 1989 the average total ec- ological carrying capacity shows steady improvement as a transition period; and from 1990 to 2013, the aver age total ecological carrying capacity reaches to 2,899. 654 × 10^4 hm^2. However, the ecological carrying ca- pacity per capita in Guizhou shows a generally decreasing trend for many years with the multi-year average of 0. 796 hm^2. Among all land use types, ecological carrying capacity of cultivated land ranks the first, account ing for 65. 9%, which is followed by woodland, accounting for 25. 4%, construction land, accounting for 7.2%, pasture land, accounting for 1.4%, and water bodies, accounting for about 0. 13%. From 1978 to 1985, Guizhou had ecological surplus, but decreased steadily. It changed to ecological loss from the begin- ning of 1986 and the situation has deteriorated each year. The evolution of ecological carrying capacity in Guizhou is mainly controlled by the type of land use, land productivity and population status.
出处
《中国岩溶》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期332-339,共8页
Carsologica Sinica
基金
凯里学院专项课题(ZX1019)
凯里学院地理学校级重点学科经费(KZD2014008)
关键词
生态承载力
生态盈亏
可持续发展
西南岩溶石山地区
贵州省
ecological carrying capacity, surplus and loss of ecology, sustainable development, karst rock mountain of southwest China, Guizhou Province
