摘要
拟探究4min全力跑步和自行车运动中运动方式对有氧供能比例的影响。方法:招募了16名铁人3项、自行车和长跑业余爱好者(年龄33.5±10.6岁,身高180±9cm,体重75.8±8.4kg,训练年限14±10年),以4min全力(室外田径场)跑步和功率自行车为例,比较了两种运动方式的能量供应和摄氧量动力学特征。使用便携式气体代谢仪和血乳酸分析仪对运动过程中的能量代谢指标进行了测试和分析,运用基于运动中累积摄氧量、累积血乳酸和运动后过量氧耗的快速部分的计算方法对能量供应量进行了计算。结果:4min全力跑步和自行车的有氧供能比例没有显著差异(77.0±3.8%vs.75.9±2.6%,P>0.05),磷酸原供能比例没有显著区别(11.4±2.6%vs.10.0±2.0%,P>0.05),糖酵解供能比例存在显著差异(11.6±3.4%vs.14.1±3.3%,P<0.05)。两种运动方式的摄氧量动力学快速部分相似(16.2±3.69svs.14.5±4.84s,P>0.05),慢速部分幅度存在显著差异(0.26±0.09L/min vs.0.54±0.32L/min,P<0.05)。结论:4 min全力跑步和自行车的研究结果似乎表明,运动方式并不影响全力运动中的有氧供能比例,此结论的得出还有待对其他运动方式和其他持续时间研究印证。
Aim The relative aerobic energy contribution is a fundamental characteristic of maximal exercises.Previous investigations have reported some values of relative aerobic energy contribution,or some correlation equation,for different duration of maximal exercises,without verifying the influence of exercise modalities.The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of exercise modalities on relative aerobic energy contribution in 4 min running and cycling time trial.Methods This study recruited 16 amateur athletes from triathlon,cycling,and long-distance running（33.5±10.6yrs,180±9cm,75.8±8.4kg,training experience 14±10yrs）to participate in two 4 min time trails,with the exercise modalities of field-running,and ergometer-cycling.The energy contributions and oxygen uptake kinetics were compared for these two exercise modalities.We utilized a portable gas analyzer and a blood lactate analyzer to measure and assess the relative parameters.The energy contributions were calculated with the method based on the accumulated oxygen uptake,and blood lactate during the maximal exercise,as well as the fast component of the oxygen debt during the recovery.Results The results demonstrated similar aerobic energy contributions（77.0±3.8% vs.75.9±2.6%,P〈0.05）,similar phosphate energy contributions（11.4±2.6% vs.10.0±2.0%,P〈0.05）,but significantly different glycolysis energy contributions（11.6±3.4% vs.14.1±3.3%,P〈0.05）between running and cycling.The oxygen uptake kinetics were similar in the fast component（16.2±3.69 s vs.14.5±4.84 s,P〈0.05）,but significant different in the slow component（0.26±0.09L/min vs.0.54±0.32L/min,P〈0.05）.Conclusion The results from the 4 min time trials of running and cycling indicate seemly that the exercise modalities don＇t influence the relative aerobic energy contribution in maximal exercises.This conclusion warrants future investigations which emphasize on more exercise modalities,and more duration.
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第9期48-53,共6页
China Sport Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31500963)
上海市人类运动能力开发与保障重点实验室(上海体育学院)项目资助(11DZ2261100)
关键词
跑步
自行车
有氧供能比例
摄氧量动力学
running
cycling
aerobic energy contribution
oxygen uptake kinetics
