摘要
目的重点介绍历史上发生的多起核事故中最为严重的1986年切尔诺贝利核事故和2011年福岛核事故。方法回顾性分析了切尔诺贝利和福岛两次特大七级核事故的发生及抢险、核事故的剂量及对健康的影响。结果切尔诺贝利核事故与福岛核事故的发生时间先后相距25年。就近期辐射损伤而言,福岛核事故可能仅次于切尔诺贝利核事故对人员的危害。从远期效应测评,切尔诺贝利核事故对抢险人员、附近居民、受放射性污染的不同年龄段人员带来的健康危害的现状也可能是福岛人明天的预警。结论切尔诺贝利和福岛这两次特大七级核事故对当地居民健康及核工业发展等带来的负面影响是惨痛的,只有尽可能遏制核事故的发生,才能确保核安、辐安、民众心安。
Objective This paper focused on the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986 and the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011, which were worst nuclear accients in the the history. Methods The two Level 7 ＂major nuclear accident＂ of Chernobyl and Fukushima are retrospective analysised, includes occurrence and resue, the dose of nuclear accidents and the impact on health. Results The Chernobyl nuclear accident and the Fukushima nuclear accident, are 25 years apart. In terms of the a- cute radiation damage, the personnel hazard in the Fukushima nuclear accident was serious, except for that one the Chernobyl nuclear accident. To evaluate the long - term effectiveness in the Chernobyl nuclear accident, the heahh hazards caused by ra- dioactive contamination on rescuers, nearby residents, populations of different age contaminated with radioactivity may portend for the future of people infukushim. Conclusion Regative effects of residents＇ health and nuclear industry development caused by Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents are painful and sad, and the only thing to do is it encure nuclear safety and peace of people.
出处
《中国辐射卫生》
2016年第4期459-462,共4页
Chinese Journal of Radiological Health
关键词
切尔诺贝利核事故
福岛核事故
七级核事故
近期辐射损伤
远期效应测评
Chernobyl Nuclear Accident
Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Seven Stage Nuclear Accident
Acute RadiationDamage
Long Term Effect Evaluation
