摘要
目的研究杭州地区非职业暴露孕妇全血中重金属元素浓度水平及其影响因素。方法选择2015年在杭州某综合性医院待产的115名孕妇作为研究对象,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定其静脉全血中铅、镉、铜、锌、镍、铬、铍、锰、钴、砷、银、钛和铊等13种重金属元素的含量,并进行问卷调查。结果 115名被调查孕妇全血中钛、铬、锰、钴、镍、铜、锌、砷和铅浓度中位数分别为1 742、108、34.9、0.38、2.35、451、1 782、5.44、10.6μg/L。仅有1人全血中铅浓度高于100μg/L,全部孕妇的镉、砷浓度均未超标。妊娠期间使用指甲油、美白霜、香料、被动吸烟和看报纸的孕妇全血中铬、铜和砷浓度较低,钛、钴浓度较高;经常坐车或驾车出行的孕妇血砷浓度(7.77μg/L)高于不常坐车或驾车出行者(5.76μg/L);常食用松花蛋、爆米花、金属罐头及饮料的孕妇血锰浓度(46.1μg/L)高于不食用者(35.9μg/L);上述差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而孕妇年龄、居住地与交通干道距离、房屋装修时间与全血中13种重金属元素浓度的相关性均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论杭州地区非职业暴露孕妇体内重金属处于较低水平,不同生活及饮食习惯可能会影响孕妇体内重金属水平。
Objective To know the concentration of heavy metals and other elements in whole blood and the influencing factors among pregnant women with non-occupational exposure in Hangzhou. Methods A total of 115 pregnant women were selected as the study subjects, maternal blood samples were collected. The levels of lead（Pb）, cadmium（Cd）, copper（Cu）, zinc（Zn）, nickel（Ni）, chromium（Cr）, beryllium（Be）, manganese（Mn）, cobalt（Co）, arsenic（As）, silver（Ag）, thallium（Ti） and thallium（Tl） in whole blood samples were determined with ICP-MS. Meanwhile the questionnaire surveys of influencing factors were conducted. Results The medians of Ti, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Pb in maternal blood were 1 742, 108, 34.9,0.38, 2.35, 451, 1 782, 5.44 and 10.6 μg/L, respectively. Only in one sample, Pb level exceeded the limits, the other elements concentration were not over standards. The living habits about using nail polish, whitening cream, spices and passive smoking could lead to the decrease of Cr, Cu and As concentration in whole blood and the increase of Ti and Co. The concentration of blood arsenic from the maternal women who often took bus or drove car was 7.77 μg/L, significantly higher than those from the women who occasionally（5.76 μg/L）. The concentration of blood Mn from the women who often ate pidan, popcorn, tinned food and drank beverage was 46.1 μg/L, significantly higher than those from the women who did not eat（35.9 μg/L）（P〈0.05）. There was no significant correlation between the age, the distance between the living house and the road, the decoration time and the level of trace elements in maternal blood samples（P〉0.05）. Conclusion The exposure of heavy metals in pregnant blood in Hangzhou was low. The different living and food habits may influence the blood heavy metals levels in pregnant women.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第8期735-738,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
浙江省环保科研计划项目(2011A15)
关键词
金属
重
非职业暴露
孕妇
全血
Metal
heavy
Non-occupational exposure
Pregnant women
Whole blood
