摘要
通过采用田间再裂区试验,系统研究了有机肥及磷肥施用量对油菜物候期、产量及其品质的影响。主处理为施有机肥处理（M）和不施有机肥处理（M0）,副处理为0、75、150 kg·hm-2和225 kg·hm-2（P0、P75、P150和P225）4个磷肥（P2O5）施用量水平,副副处理为天水地区主要栽培的天油8号、天油07302和天油191（V1、V2和V3）3个冬油菜品种。结果表明：施用有机肥可缩短油菜营养生长期1 d,延长生殖生长期2 d,对整个生育期的影响较小。而施磷可缩短油菜的营养生长期3~5 d,延长生殖生长期6~15 d,延长整个生育期6~8 d。施有机肥可增加油菜籽粒产量13.32%,但对油菜品质影响不明显。施磷对油菜产量和品质都有显著的影响。油菜产量和芥酸含量随施磷量的增加先增加后降低,P150、P75和P225处理油菜产量分别可较对照（P0）增产94.01%、137.63%和122.64%,而其芥酸含量分别较对照增加1.98%、3.37%和1.70%。籽粒含油率随施磷量的增加而增加,P225处理籽粒含油率最高,较对照增加3.61%,但与P150处理相比差异不显著。相反,施磷明显降低了籽粒蛋白质及硫甙含量,施磷量越高,其降幅越大,P225处理蛋白质和硫甙含量分别较对照降低了4.27%和2.25%。
A field experiment with the split-split block design was carried out to study the effects of applying manure and phosphorus on canola growth period,grain yield and quality. The main treatments were manure（ M）and no manure（ M0）. Sub-split treatments were four phosphorus application rates at 0,75,150 and 225（P2O5）kg· hm- 2（P0,P75,P150 and P225,respectively）. Sub-sub-split treatments were three main planting canola varieties in Tianshui region including Tianyou 8,Tianyou 07302 and Tianyou 191（ V1,V2 and V3）. The results showed that application of manure prolonged canola reproductive growth period by 2 days,while it had not evident effect on vegetative growth and total growth periods. However, application of phosphorus can shorten canola vegetative growth period by 3 to 5 days,prolonged reproductive growth period by 6 to 15 days,and eventually prolonged canola total growth period by 6 ~ 8 days. Application of manure increased canola yield by 13. 32 %,whereas it had not significant effect on canola seed quality compared with M0 treatment. Application of phosphorus had significant effects on rape yield and quality. Phosphorus significantly increased canola yield and erucic acid content. The changing trend was firstly increased and then became decreased with the increase of phosphorus application rates.Compared to the control treatment（ P0）,canola yield and erucic acid content by P75,P150 and P225treatments were increased by 94. 01 %,137. 63 %,and 122. 64 %,and 1. 98 %,3. 37 %,and 1. 70 %,respectively. Grain oil content was always increased with the increase of phosphorus application rates. The highest oil content was reachedby P225 treatment,increased by 3. 61 % compared with the control treatment（ P0）,but no significant difference was found between P150 treatment and P225 treatment. On the contrary,application of phosphorus significantly decreased grain protein and glucosinolate content. The more phosphorus was applied,the more grain protein and glucosinolate content went declined,reduced by 4. 27 % and 2. 25 % by the P225 treatment from the control treatment（ P0）.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期146-151,共6页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划"中低产田障碍因子消减与地力提升共性关键技术研究(2012BAD05B06)"
甘肃省农业科学院创新专项"甘肃省土壤肥料长期定位协同研究(2015GAAS14)"
