摘要
利用水平潜流人工湿地和下行-上行复合垂直流人工湿地净化水产养殖废水,研究水流方式、水力停留时间对水产养殖废水中含氮污染物、抗生素等典型污染物净化效果的影响.结果表明,复合垂直流人工湿地对含氮污染物具有较好的去除效果,对TN、NH_4^+-N的去除率在水力停留时间为3 d时可分别达到58%、80%.采用BIOLOG微平板技术和高通量测序对两个人工湿地入流端基质微生物群落的分析发现,复合垂直流人工湿地因其内部结构有利于水流流向及溶解氧条件使得微生物活性和多样性均较高,Nitrospira属分布较多是氨氮去除效果较好的主要原因.水力停留时间对NO_3^--N、NO_2^--N的去除有较大影响,维持在3~4 d对各类含氮污染物可获得较好的去除效果.采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法对抗生素去除效果进行研究发现,人工湿地构型对抗生素的去除效果差异不大,两种人工湿地对恩诺沙星的去除效果优于磺胺甲唑和氟甲砜霉素,当水力停留时间从1 d延长至3 d可提高磺胺甲唑的去除率至50%以上.
Horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland（ HSSFCW） and integrated vertical flow constructed wetland（ IVFCW）consisted of down-flow and up-flow were built to treat aquaculture wastewater under different conditions. The water treatment performance,especially the nitrogen pollutants and antibiotics removal efficiencies,were compared,and the effects of flow patterns and hydraulic retention time（ HRT） on the efficiencies were studied. The results showed that IVFCW had a better removal efficiency on nitrogen pollutants,and the removal rates of TN and NH4^＋-N were 58% and 80%（ HRT = 3 d）,respectively. Microbial community was further analyzed using BIOLOG microplate technique and 454-pyrosequencing. The internal structure of IVFCW was conducive to the flow and dissolved oxygen condition,which induced higher microbial activity and diversity. The richness in Nitrospira distribution was the main reason for the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen. HRT had a great influence on the removal of NO3^--N and NO2^--N,and maintaining 3-4 d could reach good efficiency for all kinds of nitrogen pollutants. Solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis（ SPE-HPLC-MS / MS） was used to test the removal efficiency of antibiotics,and the results showed that there was no remarkable difference between the two configurations. The removal efficiency of Enrofloxacin was higher than that of Sulfamethoxazole and Florfenicol. Extending HRT from 1 d to 3 d could significantly improve the removal rate of Sulfamethoxazole,reaching above 50%.
出处
《环境科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第9期3430-3437,共8页
Environmental Science
基金
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101006-02)
关键词
人工湿地
水产养殖废水
水流方式
含氮污染物
抗生素
constructed wetland
aquaculture wastewater
flow patterns
nitrogen pollutants
antibiotics
