摘要
景观连接度被认为是影响诸多生态过程的一个重要因素.基于最小累积阻力模型的最小成本路径识别方法可以有效识别异质性景观中的功能连接,已被广泛应用到景观的功能连接评价与生态廊道模拟的研究中.基于电路理论的连接度模型用电阻代替了图论中的边、用电阻距离代替成本距离,来衡量异质性景观的功能连接.本文以SIMMAP 2.0软件生成的模拟景观为对象,借助于Linkage Mapper工具和Circuitscape软件,探讨如何将最小累积阻力模型与基于电路理论的连接度模型相结合来识别生态廊道及其景观要素的相对重要性.结果表明:两种模型在应用中各有优势,互为补充.最小成本路径方法可以有效识别栖息地之间的最小成本廊道,基于电路理论的连接度模型通过电流密度的计算可以有效识别对景观连接性有重要影响的景观要素和"夹点"地区,并且"夹点"的位置不受廊道宽度的影响,在廊道重要性识别研究中具有明显优势.该方法可为区域生态保护规划和生态廊道设计提供科学依据.
Landscape connectivity is considered as an extraordinarily important factor affecting various ecological processes.The least cost path（LCP） on the basis of minimum cumulative resistance model（MCRM） may provide a more efficient approach to identify functional connectivity in heterogeneous landscapes,and is already adopted by the research of landscape functional connectivity assessment and ecological corridor simulation.Connectivity model on circuit theory（CMCT） replaced the edges in the graph theory with resistors,cost distance with resistance distance to measure the functional connectivity in heterogeneous landscapes.By means of Linkage Mapper tool and Circuitscape software,the simulated landscape generated from SIMMAP 2.0 software was viewed as the study object in this article,aimed at exploring how to integrate MCRM with CMCT to identify ecological corridors and relative importance of landscape factors.The results showed that two models had their individual advantages and mutual complement.MCRM could effectively identify least cost corridors among habitats.CMCT could effectively identify important landscape factor and pinch point,which had important influence on landscape connectivity.We also found that the position of pinch point was not affected by corridor width,which had obvious advantage in the research of identifying the importance of corridors.The integrated method could provide certain scientific basis for regional ecological protection planning and ecological corridor design.
作者
宋利利
秦明周
SONG Li-li QIN Ming-zhou(College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China College of Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, Henan , China）.)
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期3344-3352,共9页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41171439)资助~~
关键词
功能连接度
最小成本路径
电路理论
夹点
生态廊道
functional connectivity
least cost path
circuit theory
pinch point
ecological corridor
