摘要
目的了解北京市延庆区2011—2015年中小学生常见病监测结果及变化特征,为中小学生常见病防控提供依据。方法通过北京市中小学健康信息管理系统,对2011—2015年北京市延庆区中小学生健康体检数据进行收集、整理,利用SPSS 19.0软件对数据进行统计分析。结果 2011—2015年常见病总体检出率从高到低依次为视力不良（60.1%）、肥胖（14.4%）、龋齿（12.9%）、营养不良（5.3%）、贫血（4.5%）、沙眼（0.1%）,其中营养不良呈现逐年下降趋势（P〈0.05）。视力不良、营养不良、贫血、龋齿检出率整体表现为女生（60.8%,14.7%,5.4%,16.2%）高于男生（54.4%,9.5%,3.8%,10.6%）（χ^2分别为512.0,752.2,140.1,832.5,P值均〈0.05）,肥胖检出率为男生（24.2%）高于女生（16.5%）（χ^21 077.1,P〈0.05）;视力不良、营养不良、龋齿检出率为中学生（74.4%,12.9%,19.5%）高于小学生（45.0%,11.0%,7.1%）（χ^2分别为10 931,100.5,3 925.8,P值均〈0.05）,肥胖检出率为小学生（20.9%）高于中学生（19.5%）（χ^231.6,P〈0.05）。结论中小学生常见病检出状况不容忽视,尤其应加强对视力不良、肥胖、龋齿的防治。
Objective To know the health status and its changing trend of primary and middle school students in Yanqing district of Beijing between 2011—2015 in order to provide scientific evidence for common diseases prevention and control. Methods The information of health condition among primary and middle school students from Health Information Management Systems in Yanqing district was collected and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results The detection rates of common diseases, which included poor eyesight, obesity, dental caries, malnutrition, anemia and trachoma, were 60. 1%, 14. 4%, 12. 9%, 5. 3%, 4.5% and 0.1% respectively. Among these common diseases, the rates of malnutrition and trachoma showed declining trend year by year（ P〈0.05）. The detection rates of poor sight, malnutrition, anemia and dental caries of female students（ 60. 8%, 14. 7%, 5. 4%,16.2%） were higher than that of male students（ 54.4%, 9.5%, 3.8%, 10.6%）（ χ^2 512.0, 752.2, 140.1, 832.5, P〈0.05）,while the detection rate of obesity of female students（ 16.5%） was lower than that of male students（ 24.2%）（ χ^2 1 077.1, P〈0.05）. The detection rates of poor sight, malnutrition and dental caries of middle school students（ 74.4%,12.9%,19.5%） were higher than that of primary school students（ 45.0%, 11.0%, 7.1%）（ χ^2 10 931, 100.5, 2 925.8, P〈0.05）, while the rates of obesity of middle school students（ 20.9%） was lower than that of primary school students（ 19.5%）（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion The detection rate of common diseases among primary and middle schools is still high and it can＇t be ignored. Comprehensive measures should be taken in order to reduce the incidence of common diseases such as poor sight, obesity and dental caries in students.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第9期1370-1373,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
视力
低
龋齿
贫血
沙眼
营养状况
学生
Vision
low
Dental caries
Anemia
Trachoma
Nutritional status
Students
