摘要
以晋北盐碱地为研究对象,采用裂区设计下的机械穴状整地方式栽植沙枣,并在栽植穴内施用3个水平的黑矾、糠醛渣和脱硫石膏3种土壤改良剂,组合使用炉灰渣和河卵石2种隔离层材料以及石块和砂2种覆盖层材料,通过连续2a监测沙枣幼苗的生长存活以及栽植穴内土壤的理化性质,并计算隶属函数值,以选择最佳的土壤综合改良处理组合。结果表明:(1)土壤改良处理组合显著影响了沙枣幼苗的存活和相对生长,其中隔离层炉灰渣+0.25kg黑矾混合原位盐碱土+覆盖层石块和隔离层炉灰渣+0.50kg黑矾混合盐碱土+覆盖层砂的2种处理组合下的沙枣全部存活且苗高(分别为6.53cm和7.29cm)和地径(分别为0.43cm和0.37cm)相对生长量显著高于对照。(2)与对照相比,大部分土壤改良处理组合下栽植穴内的土壤含水量有所下降,土壤电导率在以黑矾和糠醛渣为土壤改良剂的处理组合中显著下降,土壤pH值则在以黑矾和脱硫石膏为土壤改良剂的处理组合中显著下降。(3)综合考虑所栽植沙枣幼苗的表现和栽植穴内土壤的理化性质,通过计算隶属度值,初步得出隔离层炉灰渣、中间层0.25kg黑矾混合盐碱土和覆盖层石块的土壤改良处理组合在有效降低土壤盐碱度的同时最有利于沙枣的生长和存活。
This paper took saline alkali soil in northern Shanxi as the research object. Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings were planted in cavernous pits after soil preparation and split plot design to determine and analyze the survival rates and relative growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings and soil properties under different treatment combinations of 3 levels of soil amendments （black alum, furfural residue and desulfurized gypsum）, with stove ashes and cobble as bottom salt insulating layer materials, and stone and sand as surface covering layer materials, in soil amendment combination, for 2 consecutive years （2013 and 2014）. The subordinate function values were calculated to select the best treatment combination of soil amendments for Northern Shanxi Province. The results showed that： （1） Different treatment combinations of soil amendments remarkably influenced the survival rates and relative growth of Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings（P〈0.01）, and under stove ashes as bottom salt insulating layer＋0.25 kg black alum mixed with saline soils＋stone as surface covering layer, and stove ashes as bottom salt insulating layer＋0.50 kg black alum mixed with saline soils＋ sand as surface covering layer, the survival rates of Elaeagnus angustifolia seedlings were 100%, and relative height increase were 6.53 cm and 7.29 cm, respectively, while relative ground diameter increase were 0.43 cm and 0.37 cm, respectively, which significantly differed with those in control treatment （P〈0.01）. （2） In most of treatment combinations of soil amendments, soil water content decreased compared with that in control treatment. Soil electric conductivity had significant declines undertreatment combinations using black alum or furfural residue as soil amendments, which significantly differed with that in control treatment. Soil pH significantly decreased under treatment combinations using black alum or desulphurization gypsum as soil amendments, compared to the control treatment. （3） Based on comprehensively considering the effects of different treatment combinations of soil amendments, bottom salt insulating layer and surface covering layer on the survival rates, relative growth of F.laeagnus angustifolia seedlings, soil water content, electric conductivity and pH, and calculating subordinate function values, it could be concluded that the treatment combination of stove ashes as bottom salt insulating layer＋ 0.25 kg black alum mixed with saline soils＋ stone as surface covering layer had the best improvement effect on saline-alkali soil in Northern Shanxi.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期281-287,共7页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家公益项目"晋北重度盐碱地植被恢复集成技术研究"(201304326)
"山西林业厅晋北盐碱地困难立地造林配套技术研究"(2012HX32)
国家自然科学青年基金项目"降水梯度下集水区尺度生态系统服务权衡与协同研究-以黄土高原中部为例"(41501201)
关键词
晋北盐碱地
沙枣
土壤改良剂
处理组合
saline-alkali area in Northern Shanxi Province
Elaeagnus angustifolia L.
soil amendment
treatment combinations
