摘要
采用室外定点观察,子实体诱导及r DNA ITS、MS204、tef1-α3种分子标记进行系统发育分析等方法,对板栗褐缘叶枯病Phomopsis castaneae-mollissimae的协同致病菌板栗蛇孢日规壳Ophiognomonia castaneae的生活史进行了研究。结果表明,每年7月下旬至8月初叶片发病初期很少分离到O.castaneae,随着病斑扩大该菌的分离频率逐渐增大,至发病后期其分离频率可高达78.5%,甚至可超过致病菌P.castaneae-mollissimae,10月下旬板栗落叶背面的病斑上开始形成O.castaneae的分生孢子盘,11月下旬开始形成O.castaneae的子囊壳原基,次年5、6月越冬落叶背面的病斑上长出子囊壳;带病斑的叶片经室内外诱导,0–25℃范围均可产生成熟子囊壳;湿度是决定子囊壳能否形成的关键因素,强光照不利于子囊壳的产生;分离物的菌丝体在PDA培养基上培养,易产生分生孢子;将分离物分为两种交配型,相互交配后6个月所有处理均未长出该菌的有性型子实体。室外定点观察及r DNA ITS、MS204、tef1-α3种分子标记表明分离物和病斑上的子囊孢子及其萌发菌丝为O.castaneae的不同生长发育阶段。
Outdoor specially designated observation, induction of fruiting body and analysis of multiple gene based on r DNA ITS, MS204, tef1-α were applied to investigate the life cycle of Ophiognomonia castaneae, a synergistic pathogenic fungus of chestnut brown margin leaf blight caused by Phomopsis castaneae-mollissimae. The results showed that O. castaneae was rarely isolated from late July to early August, while the isolation percentage increased with the disease lesions＇ expansion, reaching 78.5% at late stage, and even surpassed that of P. castaneae-mollissimae. In late October, the acervuli of O. castaneae began occurring on hypophyllous lesions of the fallen chestnut leaves. In late November, some perithecial initials began taking shape. In the next May–June perithecia produced on hypophyllous lesions of the fallen leaves of last winter. The perithecia could be induced on lesions of fallen leaves both indoor and outdoor in the range of 0–25°C. The relative humidity was found to be a key factor for affecting formation of perithecia, while strong sunlight was found to be inhibitory to perithecial formation. O. castaneae was easy of producing conidia on PDA medium. Two mating types were observed in the isolates of O. castaneae, but no sexual fruiting body developed in all mating treatments after six months. The outdoor observation and the phylogenetic analysis based on r DNA ITS, MS204, and tef1-α proved that the mycelia, ascospores and germinating hyphae of the isolates and those on the lesions of leaves were different development stages of the same fungus.
出处
《菌物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期1178-1186,共9页
Mycosystema
基金
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2011CM033)~~
关键词
板栗
板栗褐缘叶枯病
板栗蛇孢日规壳
生活史
chestnut
brown margin leaf blight
Ophiognomonia castaneae
life cycle
