摘要
根据甘肃陇东地区特殊的地形地貌及雨洪资源特点,以西峰区司家沟为例,分析计算该流域的雨洪资源可收集利用量。利用庆阳市西峰区的DEM数据、Quickbird资料和GIS软件对沟道特征进行分析,获得雨洪资源计算所需的沟道属性,选取暴雨频率为1%、5%、10%、20%、33%、50%和99%,进行沟道洪水特征分析。采取典型年法和单次暴雨分析法将暴雨频率与降雨频率统一,将不同降雨频率典型年大于20 mm的单次降水与基准暴雨量相对应,计算出典型年沟道的雨洪总量(可收集利用量)和单次降水的洪峰流量,得到降水保证率为25%时(1973年)雨洪资源可利用量为83.98万m^3,降水保证率为50%时(1980年)雨洪资源可利用量为81.28万m^3,降水保证率为75%时(2009年)雨洪资源可利用量为34.72万m^3,降水保证率为95%时(1986年)雨洪资源可利用量为42.49万m^3。计算结果表明,司家沟不同降水保证率沟道雨洪资源量的基本趋势为高保证率雨洪资源量小,低保证率雨洪资源量大,与降雨频率总体趋势一致;洪水频率跟降雨频率不同步,在干旱年降雨频率低时,洪水频率有可能较大,因此干旱年份对雨洪资源的利用显得尤为重要。
Based on the characteristics of topography and rainwater resources in Longdong area, the available amount of channel rainwater resources in Sijiagou Channel was analyzied and calculated. Channel properties data required by rainwater resources computing were obtained through the analysis of DEM data and Quickbird materials in Xifeng region by GIS, and the storm frequency of 1%-99% was chosen to analyze the characteristics of channel flood. Typical year method and single rainstorm analysis method were used to normalize the storm frequency and precipitation frequency. Then it took the single rainstorm precipitation amount which was more than 20 mm in different precipitation frequencies typical year corresponding to the baseline storm amount to calculate the total amount of channel rainwater and single rainfall peak flow. The results show that when rainfall fi-equency is 25% （ in 1973 ） , the rainwater resources utilization amount is 839.8 thousand m3; when rainfall frequency is 50% （in 1980） , the rainwater resources utilization amount is 812.8 thousand m^3; when rainfall frequency is 75% （in 2009）, the rainwater resources utilization amount is 347.2 thousand m3; when rainfall frequency is 95% （in 1986）, the rainwater resources utilization amount is 424.9 thousand m3. That basic trend of channel rainwater resources quantity of different precipitation guarantee rate in Sijiagou Channel is high guaranteed rate corresponding to less rainwater resources quantity, and low guaranteed rate corresponding to more rainwater resources quantity, which consistents with the overall trend of precipitation guaranteed rate. But the flood frequency is not synchronized with the rainfall frequeney, and when the low precipitation frequency in drought years, there may be greater flood frequency. Thus, the use of rainwater resources is particularly important in drought years.
作者
高雅玉
田晋华
吴玉锋
金毅
彭倩
GAO Yayu TIAN Jinhua WU Yufeng JIN Yi PENG Qian(Gansu Institute of Soil ＆Water Conservation Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Chin)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第6期91-94,98,共5页
Yellow River
基金
陇原青年创新人才扶持计划项目
甘肃省科技厅重大专项(1203FKDA035)
甘肃省水利科研技术推广项目
甘肃省科技支撑计划项目(1204NKCA087)
甘肃省水利厅水资源费项目
关键词
单次暴雨分析法
典型年法
雨洪资源
可收集利用量
陇东地区
single rainstorm analysis method
typical year method
rainwater resources
collectable amount
Longdong area
