摘要
限速器是电梯安全保护系统中的关键控制部件之一,当电梯在运行过程中发生超速而其他所有安全保护装置不起作用时,限速器和安全钳就会联动,从而使电梯轿厢及时停止运动。针对传统的机械式限速器所存在的不足,设计了一种新型的电梯限速器。其特征是通过光电编码器来检测限速器轮盘的转速,结合轮盘的节圆直径算出轿厢移动的速度,根据采集速度的大小控制步进电动机带动棘爪转过设定的角度来触发限速器的机械限速机构。该限速器还具有自发电的功能,不需外接市电。设计了新型限速器的机械结构,给出了新型限速器的控制方法,绘制了测控系统的电气原理图,最后制作了新型限速器的样机。实验室试用结果表明,该限速器机械结构简单,限速动作迅速,速度测量准确,精度保持性好,具有一定的推广和应用价值。
Speed governor is one of the critical control units of the elevator safety protection system. If the elevator exceeds the speed limit while all other safety protection devices cannot act, the speed governor and the safety clamp will work together, so as to make the elevator car stop in time. In view of the shortcomings of the traditional mechanical speed governor,a new type of elevator speed governor was designed, which measured the rotating speed of the speed governor wheel with the aid of photoelectric encoder, and calculated the moving speed of the lift car combined with the pitch circle diameter of the speed governor wheel, and triggered the mechanical speed governing mechanism through a stepper motor driving a pawl to turn a setting angle according to the acquisition speed. The speed governor also has the function of self-electricity-generating and does not need the external power supply. The mechanical structure of the new speed governor was designed, the control method of the new speed governor was presented, the circuit diagram of the control system was drawn, and the prototype of the new speed governor was developed finally. Laboratory tests showed that this new type of speed governor was simple in mechanical structure, acted quickly when limiting speed, had high speed measuring precision and good precision maintainability, so it has wide prospects of being widely popularized.
出处
《现代制造工程》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期121-125,共5页
Modern Manufacturing Engineering
基金
国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(201510359006)
关键词
电梯
限速器
光电编码器
步进电动机
elevator
speed governor
photoelectric encoder
stepping motor
