摘要
将溶解性总固体(TDS)和氧同位素(18O)作为示踪剂,基于对新疆昭苏—特克斯盆地地表水和地下水水化学及同位素特征的分析,旨在研究两者之间的相互转化关系。结果表明:地表水与地下水水化学类型分别以HCO3·SO4-Ca·(Mg)、HCO3-Ca·(Mg)型为主,地下水中TDS大于地表水,两者在形成演化过程中经过了溶滤和阳离子交换作用;氢氧稳定同位素均位于全国降水线附近,地表水同位素组成较地下水富集。沿特克斯河流向地表水与地下水的转化关系为:上游地段以地下水和右岸支流补给特克斯河干流、支流补给沿岸地下水为主;中游地段以地下水补给特克斯河为主;下游地段特克斯河接受阔克苏支流和沿岸地下水补给。研究成果可深化对昭苏—特克斯盆地水文地质条件的认识,对其他"叶脉状"地表水系与地下水的转化关系研究具有一定的借鉴意义,也为盆地内水资源的开发利用提供科学依据。
Zhaosu-Tekes basin,located in the Southern Tianshan Mountains,is a wedge Cenozoic intermontane fault depression basin expanding from SWW to NEE,and a key area of agriculture and animal husbandry in the south of Ili Basin. With the increasing exploration and utility of water resources,this area is suffering seriously from water shortage and quality deterioration. Research on the relationship between surface water and groundwater is quite vital for ensuring a sustainable utilization of water resources. In this paper,a total of 29 groundwater samples,19 surface water samples and 6 spring water samples in August 2014 were collected,and major ions and stable isotopes（δ18O,δD）were analyzed;by using the Piper diagram,Gibbs diagram,ion ratio coefficient and Chloro-Alkaline index,the paper further analyzed the characteristics of the water chemical composition and its formation process,and analyzed the source composition of the water by the composition relationship between stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope. The results show that the chemical type of surface water and groundwater was characterized by HCO3·SO4-Ca·（Mg）and HCO3-Ca·（Mg）,and TDS of groundwater（318.74 mg·L^（-1））was higher than that of the surface water（150.7 mg·L^（-1））;the dissolution and ion exchange happened during the formation and evolution of surface water and groundwater;the isotopic composition of surface water ranged from-74.05‰ to-61.81‰ for δ18O and from^（-1）1.29‰ to-9.54‰ for δD,while the groundwater（including springs）ranged from^（-1）2.74‰ to-9.70‰ for δ18O and from-89.77‰ to-67.67‰ for δD;the surface water and groundwater have the similar isotopes components and are located near the national precipitation line,indicating that precipitation is the main recharge source of groundwater and surface water. Isotopic composition of surface water is richer than that of groundwater,isotope composition characteristics of surface water and groundwater can be divided into three areas,including surface water zone,groundwater zone,and surface water and groundwater mixing zone,this indicates that surface water and groundwater have different supply sources and a better hydraulic connection with each other. Finally,based on the difference between water chemical index（TDS）and the oxygen isotope distribution,and taken them as the tracer,the transformation relationship between the surface water and the groundwater in the basin was studied. Results show that in the upper reach,Tekes River was mainly recharged by groundwater and southern tributaries,and the branches recharge groundwater;in the middle reach,Tekes River was mainly recharged by groundwater;in lower reach,Tekes River was recharged by Kuokesu tributaries and groundwater. By analyzing the relationship between surface water and groundwater,this study can provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of regional water resources and rational development and utilization of water resources in this region,which has great importance for improving the degree of hydrogeology research in Zhaosu-Tekes basin,and also has certain reference significance for the research of other＂vein-like＂Rivers.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期1078-1088,共11页
Arid Land Geography
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费研究生科技创新基金项目(ZY20160301)
新疆伊犁河谷霍城-霍尔果斯口岸水文地质调查(12120115046401)
