摘要
为考察不同受试蚤类对典型工业废水毒性的响应差异,以标准模式生物大型蚤(Daphnia magna)、辽宁本地生物隆线蚤(Daphnia carinata)和湖北本地生物蚤状溞(Daphnia pulex)为受试生物,以单一毒物(重铬酸钾)及实际焦化废水为研究对象,考察了3种水蚤作为工业废水受试生物的可行性,以及焦化废水原水和经垂直折流多功能生化反应器(VTBR)处理后出水对不同种水蚤的综合毒性效应。结果表明,3种水蚤均可作为考察行业废水毒性的受试生物,其中蚤状溞相对其他2种水蚤对焦化废水原水及VTBR工艺处理后出水均具有较好的敏感性;模式生物大型蚤较适合作为考察暴露时间对蚤类毒性影响的受试生物。利用不同蚤类对行业废水进行毒性效应分析,不仅可以为选择敏感受试生物提供参考,也可以更准确地反映废水中各种污染物的综合毒性。
To identify the comprehensive toxicity effects of coking wastewater on the aquatic organisms,we have chosen three different types of Daphnia for the research purpose,that is,Daphnia magna,Daphnia carinata,and Daphnia pulex. For this,we have conducted acute toxicity tests on K2Cr2O7 and the coking wastewater before after being treated by the vertical tubular biological reactor（ VTBR）,and made careful comparisons and contrasts of the similarity and the dissimilarities of coking wastewater toxicity on three types of Daphnia. The results of our tests and measurements demonstrate that：（ 1） It is possible and suitable to use all the three types of Daphnia as the testing organisms.（ 2）Values of 24 h-EC50 and 48 h-EC50 of the coking wastewater influent to the aforementioned Daphnia magna,Daphnia carinata,Daphnia pulex stand for 4. 6%, 7. 0%, 3. 7% and 3. 2%,6. 0%,3. 7%,respectively. In spite of the fact that the mean values of 24 h-EC50 and 48 h-EC50 of Daphnia carinata have been found greatly different with the above said types of Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex（ p〈0. 01）,the mean value of 24 h-EC50 of Daphnia magna is quite different with that of Daphnia pulex（ p〈0. 05）. As for the values of 24 h-EC50 and 48 h-EC50 of the effluent from VTBR to Daphnia magna,Daphnia carinata,Daphnia pulex,they have been worked out at about 90. 8%,83. 9%,82. 7% and 90. 8%,79. 9%,81. 3%,respectively. On the other hand,the average values of 24 h-EC50 and 48 h-EC50 of Daphnia magna tend to be remarkably different with those of Daphnia carinata and Daphnia pulex（ p〈0. 01）. From what we have found,it can be concluded that sensitivity of Daphnia pulex to the coking sewage toxicity turns to be better than those of Daphnia magna and Daphnia carinata.（ 3） In addition,we have also found that Daphnia magna proves to be more suitable for the aquatic organisms under study on the effects of exposure time on the acute toxicity to Daphnia. Therefore,the findings we have gained through testing and measurements can be expected to provide a basic reference criterion to choose the bio-toxicity testing organisms of the wastewater.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第5期374-377,共4页
Journal of Safety and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金重大国际合作研究项目(NSFC-JST,21261140334)
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07202006-005)
关键词
环境学
焦化废水
废水综合毒性
大型蚤
隆线蚤
蚤状溞
environmentalology
coking wastewater
comprehensive toxicity of wastewater
Daphnia magna
Daphnia carinata
Daphnia pulex
