摘要
为了验证水稻合理密植的黄金分割法在长江中下游双季稻区和华南双季稻区的适用性,在湖南长沙和广东怀集以生产上大面积种植且具有代表性的双季稻品种为材料,运用黄金分割法分割秆高（50、65、80、95、110 cm）得到5种预设黄金密度（67.9、40.1、26.5、18.8、14.0穴·m-2）,研究不同密度下株高和秆高的变化,实际黄金密度下齐穗期部分冠层特性、干物质积累、产量及其构成。结果表明,在不同密度下,长沙水稻的株高和秆高,怀集早稻玉香油占的秆高及晚稻Y两优1号的株高和秆高变化不显著,而早稻Y两优1号株高和秆高变化显著,其余品种无一致的规律。在实际黄金密度下,长沙各品种有效和高效叶面积指数及其冠层光辐射截获率最高,或者低于最高密度处理,但冠层光辐射截获率与最高密度处理无显著差异;长沙和怀集各品种齐穗期和成熟期的干物质积累及其产量在实际黄金密度下最高,或者低于最高值,但产量与最高值差异不显著。长沙双季稻和怀集晚稻的矮秆品种（49.4-74.5 cm）,其产量的主要贡献来源于有效穗数,而怀集早稻的高秆品种（80.4-84.6 cm）,其产量的主要贡献来源于有效穗数和每穗粒数。本研究结果为合理、简便、精确确定水稻适宜的种植密度（即合理密植）提供了理论和实践依据。
In order to prove the feasibility of rational close planting based on golden section method for double cropping rice in both the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River and the South of China,field experiments were conducted at Changsha,Hunan Province and Huaiji,Guangdong Province in 2011 and 2012. In Changsha,Xiangzaoxian 24（ XZX24） and Lingliangyou 268（ LLY 268） were grown in early season, while Xiangwanxian 12（ XWX 12） and Fengyuanyou 299（ FYY 299） were grown in late season. In Huaiji,Yuxiangyouzhan（ YXYZ） and Y-liangyou 1（ YLY 1） were grown in both early and late seasons. Each cultivar in each site was grown under five presupposed densities（ 67. 9,40. 1,26. 5,18. 8 and 14. 0 hills·m-2）,which were determined by golden section method depending on the culm height（ 50,65,80,95 and 110 cm）. Variations in plant and culm height under different planting densities,and some canopy characteristics at heading,dry matter accumulation,grain yield and its components under actual golden densities were analyzed. The results showed that variations in plant height of YXYZ in early reason and plant and culm height of YLY1 in late reason were not significant under different planting densities,while plant and culm height of YLY1 in the early reason were significantly changed. There were no consistent differences in the effective leaf area index（ LAI） and dry matter at heading and maturity in other treatments. The treatments of actual golden densities had higher or equal canopy intercepted solar radiation rate and LAI than other treatments of Changsha variety,as well as dry matter accumulation and yield of Changsha and Huaiji variety at full heading stage and maturation stage.Generally,high grain yield was attributed to high effective spike number per plant for shorter culm（ 49. 4-74. 5 cm）cultivars,such as double cropping rice at Changsha and late rice at Huaiji,while for higher culm（ 80. 4-84. 6 cm）cultivars,high grain yield was due to both high effective spike number per plant and high number of grain per panicle,such as early rice at Huaiji. Therefore,this paper provided theoretical and practical reference for rational close planting in rice production.
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第12期2467-2476,共10页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设水稻栽培与土壤岗位科学家项目(CARS-01-30)
关键词
双季稻
合理密植
黄金分割法
干物质积累
产量
double cropping rice
rational close planting
golden section method
dry matter accumulation
grain yield
