摘要
对UNESCO分别在1989、2001和2015年通过的三个职业教育政策文件的比较分析发现，国际职业教育发展呈现如下趋势：在概念上从技术和职业教育发展到更广泛的职业技术教育与培训，在目标上从社会和个人并重拓展到全面的可持续发展导向，在政策和管理上走向与经济、社会、就业等更广泛政策的协同一体及多元利益相关者的共同治理，关键技能培养、工作本位学习和传统学徒制成为教学改革的重要趋势，体系的融通性、终身性、公平性是国际职业教育发展追求的永恒目标：从UNESCO政策的视野出发，我国职业教育政策在发展定位和形式上相对狭窄，但在发展策略上呈现出与国际社会一致的特征、未来发展中，我国应从更加广泛的视野出发，发展与经济、社会、劳动力市场政策相协调的、可持续发展导向的、创新性、综合性职业教育发展战略，建立包容、开放、融通、终身化的职业教育体系，努力追求质量的提升及跨学科的研究：
Comparative analysis on three vocational education policy documents issued in 1989, 2001 and 2015 shows that, the development of vocational education in the international level manifests the following trends： the concept of TVET is popularly accepted instead of technical and vocational education, the objectives are developing towards comprehensive sustainable development-oriented, the policy planning and management are developing towards harmonious development with more extensive policies of economy, society and employment and common government of various stakeholders, key skills cultivation, work-based learning and traditional apprenticeship are important trends of teaching reform. From the perspective of UNESCO policy, the orientation and mode of vocational education in China are relatively narrow, but its development strategies are consistent with the international society in some degree. In future development, China should try to develop sustainable development-oriented, innovative and comprehensive vocational education development strategy, build more inclusive, open, permeable, lifelong vocational education system, and make efforts to enhance the quality and relevance.
作者
李玉静
Li Yujing(Faculty of Education of East China Normal Univesity（Changchun 130024）, Vocational and Technical Education Academy of Jilin Teachers＇ Institute of Engineering and Technology)
出处
《职业技术教育》
北大核心
2016年第21期10-17,共8页
Vocational and Technical Education
基金
中国职业技术教育学会第四届理事会科研规划项目立项课题“借鉴世界主要发达国家资格框架体系构建中国资格框架体系研究”
吉林省普通高校人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“吉林省中职专业师资现状及需求预测研究”(吉教科合字[2013]第44号).主持人:李玉静
关键词
UNESCO
技术和职业教育
职业技术教育与培训
政策框架
UNESCO
technical and vocational education
TVET
policy framework Author Li Yujing, doctoral candidate of Faculty of Education of East China Normal Univesity（Changchun 130024）, research associate of Vocational and Technical Education Academy of Jilin Teachers＇ Institute of Engineering and Technology
