摘要
目的分析2014年青海藏区传染病流行现状和影响因素,探讨防控策略和措施。方法采用描述流行病学方法和SPSS 19.0统计软件对疫情数据进行分析,通过查询资料、专家访谈、现场督导等方式分析传染病防控影响因素和实施效果。结果 2014年青海藏区共报告法定传染病20种12 083例,报告发病率为598.15/10万,主要为血液及性传播、呼吸道传播疾病,以20-45岁组农牧民为主,2/3的地区报告发病率明显高于全省和全国同期水平（χ2=53.049,P〈0.001）;共报告2起暴发疫情,均发生在学校。近5年国家和省出台的专项针对性防控政策文件占3.38%,部分政策难免会出现＂水土不服＂现象,且存在经济社会发展不足、人才匮乏、技术薄弱等因素制约。结论青海藏区传染病防控应采取综合防控策略,并针对高发传染病重点防控。
Objective By analyzing the epidemic situation and influential factors in 2014 to explore the prevention and control strategy of infectious diseases in the Tibetan Areas of Qinghai Province. Methods The epidemic data were analyzed by the de- scriptive epidemiology method and SPSS software, the influence factors and the effect of the prevention and control of infectious diseases through the inquiry of information, interviews with experts, field supervision and so on. Results In 2014, 20 kinds of the legal infectious diseases involving 12 083 cases were reported in the Tibetan areas of Qinghai, which the reported incidence rate was 598. 15/100 000. The infectious diseases were transmitted mainly through blood and sex, respiratory tract. Most of pa- tients were the farmers and herdsmen in 20 - 45 years old age group. 2/3 of the areas reported incidence rate was significantly higher than the provincial and national level over the same period （χ2 = 53.049, P 〈0. 001 ） . Two outbreaks of infectious dis- eases were reported in the school. The national and provincial special targeted prevention and control policies accounted for 3.38% in the nearly five years, the measures would inevitably be divorced from reality, even worse situation is the lack of eco- nomic and social development, talent, technology and other constraints. Conclusion Comprehensive and focused measures should be adopted to prevent and control the infectious diseases in the Tibetan areas of Qinghai.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2016年第11期1226-1228,共3页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
青海藏区
传染病
流行现状
防控策略
Tibetan areas of Qinghai Province
Infectious disease
Epidemic situation
Prevention and control strategy
