摘要
福利国家自石油危机后由于制度理念的偏差、经济的颓势、资本主义固有矛盾、人口老龄化加剧、特有的政党制度等原因陷入失业率居高不下、财政赤字加剧、经济发展缓慢、国际竞争力下降、福利机构冗杂的艰难困境。面对这一困境,福利国家进行了建制理念、管理制度、养老、医疗、就业、税制等方面的系列改革以削减福利水平、缓解债务危机、实现制度的可持续发展,启示我国在构建中国特色社会保障体系时要将保障和改善民生作为基本理念,社会保障水平要与我国国情特别是经济发展水平相适应,积极探索建立多支柱社会保障体系,明晰中央与地方的责权划分,将促进就业作为失业保险制度的第一要义。
After the Oil Crisis,many welfare states suffered from such problems as troubled philosophy of policies, economic recession, intrinsic contradictions in capitalism, an increased aging population and flawed political systems. This contributed to high unemployment rate,high fiscal deficit,slow economic development falling global competitiveness and cumbersome welfare systems.Against this background,the states carried out reforms in such areas as guiding principles,pension,medical treatment,employment and tax regime,in an aim to cut the welfare level,alleviate the debt crisis and reach sustainable development. This offers some lessons for China in the establishment of social security system. Improving people＇ s livelihoods should be the guiding principle, and the level of social security should be based on the level of development, especially the economic development. In addition, the ways of offering social security should be diversified. And the responsibility of providing services should be split between the central government and the local government. At last, the creation of more jobs should be put first in the unemployment insurance system.
作者
阳代杰
钟劲松
Yang Daijie Zhong Jinsong
出处
《重庆社会科学》
CSSCI
2016年第10期40-46,共7页
Chongqing Social Sciences
关键词
福利国家改革
改革方略
中国与全球化
welfare states, reform strategy, China and the globalization
