摘要
目的分析灌云县2010—2014年疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)的发生特征,评价预防接种的安全性和AEFI监测系统运转情况。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统,收集灌云县2010—2014年报告的AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010—2014年灌云县共报告AEFI 549例,报告发生率为34.47/10万剂。报告数居前3位的的疫苗分别是百白破(无细胞)234例(42.62%),发生率为95.67/10万剂;白破47例(8.56%),发生率为144.54/10万剂;b型流感嗜血杆菌(Hib)疫苗34例(6.19%),发生率为39.64/10万剂。男女性别比为1.42∶1;病例主要发生在≤2岁组人群,占65.03%;4—8月份报告病例最多,占59.93%。一般反应503例(皆为发热/红肿/硬结),占91.62%;异常反应46例,占8.38%,其中以过敏性皮疹最多,占异常反应的73.91%。75.23%的AEFI在接种后1 d发生;48 h内报告率及调查率为100%,未出现接种差错和疫苗质量事故。结论灌云县AEFI监测系统运转正常,但监测系统的敏感性仍需提高。
[Objective]To analyze the characteristics of adverse events following immunization（AEFI）in Guanyun County from2010-2014,evaluate safety of immunization and performance of AEFI surveillance system.[Methods]AEFI data in Guanyun County from 2010-2014 were collected through AEFI information system,and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method.[Results]From 2010 to 2014,a total of 549 AEFI cases were reported n Guanyun County,with the reported incidence of34.47/100 000 doses. The top 3 vaccines in AEFI were DPT vaccine（234 cases,42.62%）with incidence rate of 95.67/100 000 doses,Diphtheria-Tetanus vaccine（47 cases,8.56%）with incidence rate of 144.54/100 000 doses,and Hib vaccine（34 cases,6.19%） with incidence rate of 39.64/100 000 doses. The male-to-female ratio was 1.42 ∶1,and 65.03% of patients were children under 2 years old. Most of cases occurred in April to August,accounting for 59.93%. 503 cases were common reactions,accounting for 91.62%,all were fever/redness/scleroma. 46 cases were rare reactions,accounting for 8.38%,and 73.91% of rare reaction cases were anaphylactic rash. 75.23% of AEFI cases occurred within one day after vaccination. Al1 cases were reported and investigated within 48 hours. Vaccine quality event and error in vaccination were not reported.[Conclusion]AEFI information system has performed well in Guanyun County. However,the sensitivity of AEFI surveillance system needs to be improved.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2016年第19期2675-2678,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
预防接种异常反应(AEFI)
报告发生率
监测
Adverse Event Following Immunization（AEFI）
Reported incidence rate
Surveillance
