摘要
联合国维和事务是指联合国为履行维持和平与安全的使命而在政治和行动两个层面从事的工作,其中的话语权关涉各国在国际政治和全球治理中的利益。会员国在联合国维和事务中的话语权可以分为应得话语权和实得话语权。应得话语权可以用会员国在安理会的地位、国家实力以及对维和事务支持的力度为指标衡量;实得话语权可以用会员国在秘书处各级官僚机构、政策咨询事务以及利益分配机制中的代表权为指标衡量。研究发现,尽管中国是安理会常任理事国和支持联合国维和事务的中坚力量,但是在维和事务中的实得话语权排名远远落后于应得话语权排名,表明中国在联合国维和事务中存在严重的话语权赤字。这既有中国自己的原因,也有联合国方面的原因。中国维和话语权赤字不仅影响中国的国家利益,也不利于联合国及维和事业的长远发展。维和话语权赤字仅仅是中国在整个全球治理体制中话语权赤字的一个缩影。中国应通过多种渠道和手段加强维和话语权的建设。
The United Nations( U.N.) peacekeeping affairs are what the U.N. does at both political and operational levels to maintain international peace and security. A U.N. member state's discursive power in the U.N. peacekeeping affairs is related to its interests in international politics and global governance. The discursive power can be classified as 'should-have discursive power' and 'actual discursive power'; the former can be measured with three key indexes including the members state's status in the U.N. Security Council,its national strength and its support to the U.N. peacekeeping,while the latter can be measured with another three key indexes shown in the member state's representation in the bureaucratic institutions in the U. N. Secretariat,the peacekeeping related policy consultation affairs and the benefit distribution mechanism. This paper finds that although China is a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council as well as a strong supporter to the U.N. peacekeeping affairs,its ranking in 'actual discursive power'among the U.N. member states is far behind than that in'should-have discursive power',which implies that China's has a serious deficit of discursive power in the U. N. peacekeeping. The deficit results from both China itself and the U. N. China's deficit of discursive power in the U. N. peacekeeping not only has affected its national interest,but also is not conducive to the long-term development of the U. N. peacekeeping. This paper puts forward suggestions for increasing China's discursive power in U.N. peacekeeping.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第11期40-61,共22页
World Economics and Politics
基金
国家社科基金"中国参与联合国维持和平行动法律问题研究"(项目编号:15BFX187)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(批准号:NCET-13-1026)的阶段性成果
关键词
联合国维和
相对排名
话语权赤字
话语权建设
United Nations peacekeeping
relative ranking
deficit of discursive power
increasing discursive power
