摘要
四川盆地是新中国最早开展天然气勘探开发和综合利用的地区,经过半个多世纪的油气勘探,共在24个地层层位中发现了油气藏且以气为主。为了预测该盆地各层系下一步天然气勘探的方向和目标,系统总结了该盆地海相、陆相地层的沉积特征,分析了多旋回构造运动不同的表现形式和对沉积、成岩及成藏的控制作用。结果表明:①自震旦纪以来,该盆地经历了从海相沉积向陆相沉积的转变,以海相沉积为主:②多韵律沉积形成多套生—储组合,纵向上具有多层系油气成藏的特征;③多旋回构造运动具有多种表现形式,对沉积、成岩及成藏具有明显的控制作用。进一步分析了油气成藏特征及气藏富集规律,结论认为:①该盆地具有常规与非常规油气藏共存、多层系供烃、多种储层类型、多种圈闭类型、多期成藏、多种成藏模式等特征;②其天然气的富集与烃源强度、大型古隆起、有利沉积相带、沉积—构造间断面、构造裂缝发育带等因素有关。最后,结合油气地质基本条件、富集规律与勘探现状,预测了该盆地各层系下一步的天然气勘探和研究方向。
The Sichuan Basin represents the earliest area where natural gas is explored, developed and comprehensively utilized in China. After over 50 years of oil and gas exploration, oil and gas reservoirs have been discovered in 24 gas-dominant layers in this basin. For the purpose of predicting natural gas exploration direction and target of each layer in the Sichuan Basin, the sedimentary characteristics of marine and continental strata in this basin were summarized and the forms of multi-cycled tectonic movement and their controlling effect on sedimentation, diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation were analyzed. Based on the analysis, the following characteristics were identified. First, the Sichuan Basin has experienced the transformation from marine sedimentation to continental sedimentation since the Sinian with the former being dominant. Second, multiple source-reservoir assemblages are formed based on multi-rhythmed deposition, and multi-layered reservoir hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics are vertically presented. And third, multi-cycled tectonic movement appears in many forms and has a significant controlling effect on sedimentation, diagenesis and hydrocarbon accumulation. Then, oil and gas reservoir characteristics and enrichment laws were investigated. It is indicated that the Sichuan Basin is characterized by coexistence of conventional and unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, multi-layered reservoir hydrocarbon supply, multiple reservoir types, multiple trap types, multi-staged hydrocarbon accumulation and multiple hydrocarbon accumulation models. Besides, its natural gas enrichment is affected by hydrocarbon source intensity, large paleo-uplift, favorable sedimentary facies belt, sedimentary-structural discontinuity plane and structural fracture development. Finally, the natural gas exploration and research targets of each layer in the Sichuan Basin were predicted according to the basic petroleum geologic conditions, enrichment laws and exploration status.
出处
《天然气工业》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第11期1-11,共11页
Natural Gas Industry
基金
国家大型油气田及煤层气开发重大专项"四川盆地及邻区下古生界-前寒武系成藏条件研究与区带目标评价"(编号:2016ZX05004-005)
关键词
四川盆地
沉积特征
构造演化
多层系
天然气
成藏特征
富集规律
勘探领域
Sichuan Basin
Sedimentary characteristics
Structural evolution
Multi-layer
Natural gas
Hydrocarbon acumulation characteristics
Enrichment laws
Exploration domains
