摘要
公平责任原则在我国司法实践中暴露出适用范围不当扩张、适用条件单一化以及《侵权责任法》第24条几乎成为各类损害救济的兜底性条款等诸多问题。公平责任原则的滥用妨害了损害赔偿一般规则的贯彻,干扰了侵权法的安定性,反而与公平责任原则所追求的公平正义背道而驰,必须对公平责任原则适用范围予以明确限定。首先,应当明确公平责任原则的归责原则地位,且以不能适用过错责任原则和无过错责任原则为适用前提;其次,适用类型应以法律的明确规定为限;再次,对公平责任原则的适用条件应当明确为双方均无过错、损害事实以及因果关系;最后,公平责任原则适用中的赔偿范围和赔偿比例分配也应当有更为具体的规则和标准。
The application of equitable liability principle exposes many problems in judicial practice in PRC, such as the inappropriate expansion of its applicable scope, unitary application condition, and the Article 24 of tort law of PRC, regarded as the bottom clause of kinds of redress of the compensation of damages. The abuse of this principle jeopardizes the implement of the general rules of the compensation of damages, going against the justice sought by the equitable liability principle, disturbing stability of the tort law. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the scope of application of the equitable liability principle definitely. Firstly, independent status of the principle should be confirmed. Thirdly, its application should be premised without the use of principle of fault liability or principle of no-fault liab^ity. Fourthly, the applicable scoped must be limited in the applicable types which fitted by tort law. Finally, detailed conditions and criterions must be listed and confirmed when determining responsibility and the damage.
出处
《河北法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第12期40-51,共12页
Hebei Law Science
基金
国家社科基金项目<人格权立法的价值定位及立法模式研究>(13BFX083)的阶段性成果
关键词
归责原则
公平责任原则
适用类型
适用条件
损失分担
doctrine of liability fixation
equitable liability principle
applicable type
applicable conditions
loss sharing
