摘要
糙米吸湿发芽过程中微生物繁殖给发芽糙米带来安全隐患。为保障发芽糙米的安全性,研究基于分段加湿法的臭氧水灭菌预处理待发芽糙米工艺。以分段加湿后糙米为原料,研究糙米含水率、臭氧水初始质量浓度、臭氧水处理时间、臭氧水温度对灭菌率和发芽率的影响规律。采用二次正交旋转中心组合设计进行试验,建立了各因素对灭菌率和发芽率影响的数学模型。结果表明灭菌率、发芽率与各参数间回归方程极显著(P<0.01),优化参数组合为糙米含水率27.5%、臭氧水初始质量浓度4.7 mg/L、臭氧水处理时间6.5 min、臭氧水温度29.5℃,该条件下灭菌率和发芽率分别为(97.49±0.11)%和(91.89±0.26)%。与分段加湿后无灭菌处理相比,臭氧水预处理后发芽糙米菌落菌体浓度降低约5.20 lg CFU/g,发芽率和γ-氨基丁酸含量分别提高约0.49%和1.23 mg/(100 g)。研究证实优化后的预处理工艺既可有效灭菌又有利于糙米发芽。
To increase moisture of brown rice before germination, traditional soaking method provides a suitable environment for the growth of microorganisms, and segmented moisture conditioning method has no proper disinfection technique, which brings potential safety hazard to germinated brown rice. Therefore, an ozonated water treatment technique was proposed to enhance safety of brown rice before and after germination. The segmented moisture conditioned brown rice was selected as raw materials, with Design-Expert 8.0.6 software, a central composite rotatable orthogonal experimental design with four factors and five levels was employed to study effect of brown rice moisture content, initial mass concentration, treatment time and temperature of ozonated water on disinfection rate in aerobic plate count and germination rate of brown rice, and mathematical models for effect of each parameters on disinfection rate in aerobic plate count and germination rate were established. The mathematical models were extremely significant and parameters were optimized to increase disinfection rate in aerobic plate count above 97% and germination rate above 90%, and brown rice moisture content of 27.5%, initial mass concentration, treatment time and temperature of 4.7mg/L, 6.5min and 29.5℃ were decided to be optimal levels. Under this treatment condition, actual disinfection rate in aerobic plate count and germination rate were （97.49±0.11）% and （91.89±0.26）%. Compared with segmented moisture conditioning method without disinfection treatment, germinated brown rice produced with ozonated water treatment technique had significantly reduced amount of aerobic plate counts （P〈0.01）, and germination rate and γ-aminobutyric acid content were increased by 0.49% and 1.23mg/（100g）. These verified that ozonated water pretreatment effectively disinfected aerobic plate count and increased germination rate of brown rice, which offered a basis for safety production of germinated brown rice.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第12期271-278,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51575098)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(E201322)
哈尔滨市应用技术与开发项目(2013DB2BG005)
关键词
发芽糙米
臭氧水
灭菌率
发芽率
Γ-氨基丁酸
germinated brown rice
ozonated water
disinfection
germination rate
γ-aminobutyric acid
