摘要
在中国园林的历史和遗存的认识中,以"九狮山"为代表的动物象形叠山所受评价颇有争议。进入历史与文化语境进行理解,"九狮山"等叠山与源远流长的动物象形赏石密切相关,是一种关注动势的叠山传统,重点在于从动势中获得生命感。而差异的观念则溯自晚明时出现的画意叠山,以张南垣的"张氏之山"为代表,注重自然真山的整体效果,同时也有内在生命活力的追求。后者在明末成为主流,其后成为另一种叠山传统,影响直至今日;但在清代仍然有多样性的存在,"九狮山"这样的动势叠山仍然活跃。对动势叠山传统的了解,以及2种叠山传统的差异及关联的认识,将有助于对历史多样遗存的合理理解和评价,进而为遗产保护及营造实践提供有效指引。
In the discourses on Chinese garden history and remains, there is a sharp disagreement on the evaluation of the rockery making with animal descriptions, with ＂nine-lion rockery＂ as the most conspicuous example. Understood within the context of history and culture, ＂nine-lion rockery＂ making is closely related with the long tradition of appreciating stones as animals, and it is of a tradition of animated rockery making, with the feeling of vitality as the gist. The different idea comes from the rockery making with painterly-idea, with ＂Zhang＇s rockery＂ by Zhang Nanyuan as the representative, which pays great attention on the holistic natural effect as well as internal vitality. ＂Zhang＇s rockery＂ became the mainstream in the late Ming Dynasty and a tradition in later periods till today. But there was variety in the Qing Dynasty when animated rockery such as ＂nine-lion rockery＂ was still popular. The understanding of the tradition of animated rockery making, together with the difference and relationship of the two rockery-making traditions, can be helpful for the reasonable understanding and appraisal of the variety of historical rockery remains, as well as the gnidance of practice in heritage conservation and conternporary construction.
出处
《中国园林》
北大核心
2016年第12期122-128,共7页
Chinese Landscape Architecture
基金
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(编号51308103)资助
关键词
风景园林
中国园林史
九狮山
动势叠山
生命力
画意
landscape architecture
Chinese garden history
Nine-lion Rockery
animated rockery making
vitality
painterly-idea
