摘要
目的调查温州市区50岁及以上社区人群年龄相关性白内障患病及中重度视力损伤及后续转诊情况。方法调查研究。在2014年3月至2016年1月期间根据自愿原则，对温州市区124个社区共31170例50岁及以上人群进行眼病筛查，包括生活视力、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜和眼底照相。对于视力下降至0.3或以下，存在明显白内障或其他眼病的受检者建议转诊。采用χ2检验或趋势χ2检验进行数据分析。结果31170例受检者中，检出年龄相关性白内障10023例，检出率为32．16％，随年龄增长，白内障的检出率增高（趋势χ2=4049．64，P〈0．01）。各年龄组中，女性人群白内障检出率均高于男性（50～59岁：χ2=8．70，P〈0．01；60～69岁：χ2=46．78，P〈0．01；70～79岁：χ2=52．21，P〈0．01；≥80岁：χ2=-32．26，P〈0．01）。中度视力损伤（双眼中较差眼日常生活视力（0．3且≥0．1，较好眼视力≥0．1）5657例，检出率为18．15％；单眼盲和重度视力损伤（双眼中较差眼生活视力〈0．1，较好眼90．1）2161例，检出率为6．93％；双眼盲和重度视力损伤（双眼日常生活视力〈0．1）604例，检出率为1．94％。随年龄增长，中度视力损伤（趋势χ2=217．14，P〈0．01）、单眼盲和重度视力损伤（趋势）（χ2=165．14，P〈0．01）以及双眼盲和重度视力损伤（趋势χ2=-57．58，P〈0．01）的检出率明显增高。白内障患者中较好眼视力〈0.3者1398例，占白内障总人数的13．95％，其中1061例（75．90％）受检者接受转诊治疗卡表示愿意至医院就诊，最终有449例至眼视光医院检查并接受手术治疗，转诊率为32．12％。结论温州市区50岁及以上社区人群中视力损伤及白内障的检出率较高，社区人群仍缺乏视觉健康意识，应加强眼病相关知识的宣教工作。
Objective To explore the screening and referral of cataract and visual impairment among middle-aged and elderly people in urban Wenzhou districts. Methods In this investigative study, 31 170 people over 50 years of age from 124 urban communities in Wenzhou underwent screenings that included presenting visual acuity （PVA）, intraocular pressure, slit lamp examination and fundus photography. The screenings were conducted from March 2014 to January 2016. People whose eyesight was 0.3 or below, or who were diagnosed with obvious cataract or other eye diseases were referred to the hospital. Data were analyzed using a X2 test and Cochran-Armitage trend X2 test. Results Of the 31 170 people who underwent a series of ophthalmologic examinations, 10 023 had cataract （52.16%）, with an increasingly higher ratio of females with an increase in age. Detection rates of cataract increased with age （trend X2=4049.64, P〈0.01） and the rate was higher in females compared to males （50-59： χ2=8.70, P〈0.01; 60-69： χ2=46.78, P〈0.01; 70-79： χ2=52.21, P〈0.01; ≥80：χ2=32.26, P〈0.01）. There were 5 657 cases of moderate visual impairment （0.1 ≤PVA〈0.3 in the worse eye and PVA ≥0.1 in the fellow eye）, with a detection rate of 18.15% and 604 cases of severe visual impairment and blindness （binocular presenting visual acuity 〈0.1）, with a detection rate of 1.94%. There was an increasingly high detection rate of moderate impairment （trend χ2=217.14, P〈0.01） and severe visual impairment and blindness （trend χ2=57.58, P〈0.01） among those with advanced age. And 1 398 cataract patients had visual acuity lower than 0.3, accounting for 13.95% of the total number of cataract cases. Of these, 1 061 patients agreed to be transferred to the hospital for treatment. Of these, 449 patients had cataract surgery, with a referral rate of 32.12%. Conclusion There is a high detection rate of visual impairment and cataract in community populations over 50 years of age in urban Wenzhou. Patients in the community still lack awareness of visual health; it is necessary to improve relevant knowledge about eye disease.
出处
《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2016年第12期736-741,共6页
Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science
基金
温州医科大学人才科研启动基金（QTJ13009）
关键词
视觉障碍
白内障
筛查
检出率
Vision disorders
Cataract
Screening
Detection rate
