摘要
风电、光伏等新能源发电往往通过电力电子接口接入电网,这对电网的稳定运行带来了挑战。虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)技术借鉴传统电力系统的运行经验,控制接口逆变器具有同步发电机的运行特性,能够克服电力电子设备低惯量、无阻尼的缺点,对提高电网对新电源的消纳能力,促进智能电网建设具有重要意义。介绍了虚拟同步发电机的基本原理,总结了其基本技术特征;然后从VSG的数学模型、控制算法、稳定分析对现有研究成果进行了综述,指出虽然已有成果初步实现了VSG对同步发电机惯性和基本调频调压功能的模拟,明确了单机系统的运行和稳定特性,但仍有不足,特别是在电力电子器件的高频特性、储能技术、VSG暂态特性和规模化VSG的互作用机理等方面尚缺乏深入研究;最后从新能源接入、微电网和柔性直流输电三个角度总结了VSG在电力系统中的应用场景并介绍了其实际工程应用情况。
With increased penetration of power electronics interfaced renewable generation such as photovoltaics and wind turbines,the power gird will face huge challenges. The virtual synchronous generator（ VSG） technologies,which learn from the operation of the traditional power system to control the inverter to mimic a synchronous generator,can overcome the shortages of power electronic equipment,such as lowinertia and damping. This is of great significance to improve the integration of distributed generation and to build the smart grid. This paper presents the principles and basic characteristics of virutal synchronous generator. The current research results are reviewed from the aspects of methematical model,control strategies and stability analysis. The inertia,frequency and voltage regulation functions of VSG have been realized,and the operation and stability characteristics of sigle-machine system has been widely discussed. However,the high-frequeny characteristics,storage systems,transient characteristics and interaction mechanism of massive VSG still need to be researched. Finally,the application senarios in power system and practical engineering applications of virtual synchronous generator are introduced from the aspects of connection of renewable energy,microgird and VSC-HVDC.
出处
《南方电网技术》
北大核心
2016年第11期30-38,共9页
Southern Power System Technology
关键词
虚拟同步发电机
虚拟惯量
分布式电源
储能系统
virtual synchronous generator
virtual inertia
distributed generator
energy storage system
