摘要
目的研究3D打印和铸造钴铬合金的耐蚀性及腐蚀对其力学稳定性的影响。方法采用3D打印技术中选择性激光熔融技术(SLM)和传统铸造技术共制作钴铬合金试件72个,根据是否腐蚀采用随机数字法随机平均分为12组(每组6个),各组用于不同的测试及进入腐蚀。采用静态浸泡腐蚀法对试件进行腐蚀实验,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜(CLSM)检测试件表面粗糙度(Ra)及表面形貌,显微硬度计测量显微维氏硬度(VHN),万能测试机测试拉伸强度(TS)及弯曲强度(BS)。工艺和腐蚀对Ra、VHN、TS、BS等值的影响采用双因素析因方差分析进行分析(α=0.05),Bonferroni法进行组间两两比较。结果工艺和腐蚀对Ra和BS无交互效应(F_(Ra)=2.989,P_(Ra)=0.099;F_(BS)=0.480,P_(BS)=0.496)。两因素对Co-Cr合金的Ra值的主效应均有统计学意义(F_(工艺)=6.262,P_(工艺)=0.021;F_(腐蚀)=6.581,P_(腐蚀)=0.018),3D组的Ra值[(0.084±0.026)μm]低于铸造组[(0.111±0.024)μm],对照组的Ra值[(0.084±0.025)μm]低于腐蚀组[(0.111±0.025)μm]。两因素对Co-Cr合金的BS值的主效应均有统计学意义(F_(工艺)=6.753,P_(工艺)=0.013;F_(腐蚀)=7.384,P_(腐蚀)=0.017),3D组的BS值[(1651±242)MPa]高于铸造组[(1371±252)MPa],对照组的BS值[(1645±183)MPa]高于腐蚀组[(1377±310)MPa]。两因素对VHN和TS有交互效应(F_(VHN)=5.018,P_(VHN)=0.037;F_(TS)=5.903,P_(TS)=0.025)。Bonferroni法组间两两比较结果显示,3D对照组VHN值和TS值[VHN_(3D)=(469±4)HV,TS_(3D)=(1010±46)MPa]与铸造对照组[VHN_(铸造)=(418±4)HV,TS_(铸造)=(827±25)MPa]比较,差异有统计学意义(PVHN<0.001,PTS<0.001);3D腐蚀组VHN值及TS值[VHN_(3D)=(418±3)HV,TS_(3D)=(985±30)MPa]与铸造腐蚀组[VHN_(铸造)=(375±5)HV,TS_(铸造)=(728±45)MPa]比较,差异有统计学意义(PVHN<0.001,PTS<0.001);3D对照组VHN值与3D腐蚀组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),3D对照组TS值与3D腐蚀组比较差异无统计学意义(P=1.000);铸造对照组VHN值及TS值与铸造腐蚀组差异有统计学意义(P_(VHN)<0.001,P_(TS)=0.001)。结论 3D打印钴铬合金较铸造钴铬合金耐蚀性更优;前者TS、BS的稳定性均大于后者,两者的VHN稳定性相当。
Objective To compare the corrosion resistance and the mechanical stability after corrosion of 3D printing and cast cobalt-chromium （Co-Cr） alloy. Methods The Co-Cr alloys were fabricated by the selective laser melting（SLM）technique and casting technique with suitable parameters, seventy-two specimens were prepared and divided into 12 groups（n=6）by random number method. Static immersion test was used to evaluate corrosion resistance and the effect of the corrosion on the mechanical stability of the alloys. Surface roughness （Ra）,vickers hardness （VHN）,tensile strength （TS） and bending strength （BS） of the samples were analyzed separately by confocal laser scanning microscope （CLSM）,vicker microhardness tester,universal testing machine. The results were analyzed by 2 × 2 factorial design analysis of variance（α=0.05）,the pairwise comparison was performed with Bonferroni method. Results Manufacturing methods and corrosion had no interaction effects on Ra and BS （FRa=2.989,PRa=0.099;FBS=0.480,PBS=0.496）. The two factors′main effects on Ra had significant differences （Fmethod=6.262,Pmethod=0.021;Fcor osion=6.581,Pcor osion=0.018）. The Ra of 3D group was lower than that of cast group[Ra3D=（0.084 ± 0.026）μm,Racast=（0.111 ± 0.024）μm]. The Ra of contrast group was lower than that of corrosion group[Racontrast=（0.084 ± 0.025）μm,Racor osion=（0.111 ± 0.025）μm]. The two factors′main effects on BS had significant differences（Fmethod=6.753,Pmethod=0.013;Fcor osion=7.384,Pcor osion=0.017）. The BS of 3D group was higher than that of cast group[BS3D=（1651 ± 242）MPa,BScast=（1371 ± 252） MPa]. The BS of contrast group was higher than that of corrosion group[BScontrast=（1645 ± 183）MPa, BScor osion=（1377 ± 310）MPa]. Manufacturing methods and corrosion had interaction effects on VHN and TS （FVHN=5.018,PVHN=0.037;FTS=5.903,PTS=0.025）. The results of the pairwise comparison of Bonferroni method suggested significant differences on VHN and TS（PVHN〈0.001,PTS〈0.001）were found between the 3D contrast group [VHN3D=（469 ± 4） HV,TS3D=（1010 ± 46） MPa] and the cast contrast group [VHNcast=（418 ± 4）HV,TScast=（827 ± 25）MPa],significant differences on VHN and TS（PVHN〈0.001, PTS〈0.001）were observed between the 3D corrosion group[VHN3D=（418 ± 3）HV,TS3D=（985 ± 30）MPa] and the cast corrosion group[VHNcast=（375 ± 5）HV,TScast=（728 ± 45）MPa]. Significant differences on VHN（P〈0.001）were found between the 3D contrast group and the 3D corrosion group. No significant differences on TS （P=1.000） were found between the 3D contrast group and the 3D corrosion group. Significant differences on VHN and TS（PVHN〈0.001,PTS〈0.001）were observed between the cast contrast group and the cast corrosion group. Conclusions The 3D printing Co-Cr alloy has better corrosion resistance than that of the cast Co-Cr alloy. The 3D printing Co-Cr alloy has better stability of the TS and BS than that of the cast Co-Cr alloy. Both kinds of alloys have equal stability of VHN.
出处
《中华口腔医学研究杂志（电子版）》
CAS
2016年第5期327-332,共6页
Chinese Journal of Stomatological Research(Electronic Edition)
关键词
3D打印
选择性激光熔融
钴铬合金
耐蚀性
力学稳定性
3D printing
Selective laser melting
Cobalt-chromium alloy
Corrosion resistance
Mechanical stability
