摘要
Purpose：The present study examined the patterns of children＇s expectancy beliefs and subjective task values through the Physical Activity as Civil Skill Program and associated links to physical education enjoyment and total physical activity.Methods：The sample comprised 401 children aged 9–13 years from 3 small towns located in North-East Finland.All children received school-based activities across 2-year program from Grades 5 to 7.The present data were collected using questionnaires across 3 measurement phases during 2012–2014.Results：The levels of expectancy beliefs and subjective task values indicated to be relatively high and the development was stable through the program,especially in terms of expectancy beliefs,attainment value,and cost.In contrast,interest value and utility value decreased over the particular period of time.Boys believed they are physically more competent when compared to other students and valued physical education classes more important than girls.In addition,the higher the physical activity level the children reported,the higher the physical education enjoyment they perceived.Conclusion：The current program including actions to increase physical activity through manipulation of psychological and physical school environment modification indicated to be an effective strategy to prohibit declining levels of children＇s expectancy beliefs and task values.
目的:本研究旨在分析通过实施以"体力活动作为国民技能"计划形成的儿童预期信念与主观任务值模式,并探索其与体育课程喜爱程度和体力活动总量相关联。方法:研究样本包含芬兰东北部3个小城镇的401名9-13岁儿童。这些儿童在五至七年级2年时间内接受校园基础体力活动培养计划。2012-2014年通过3个阶段的问卷调查获得数据。结果:该计划成功的预期信念和主观任务价值水平都相对较高且发展稳定,特别在预期信念、实现价值和成本方面,而兴趣值和实用价值在特定阶段内下降。男生普遍认为自己身体素质比别人更具竞争力,而且比女生更加重视体力活动课程。此外,学生报告参与的体力活动越多,越喜爱体育课程。结论:当前的计划包括通过采用心理及生理校园环境调整提高学生体力活动,本研究表明该计划是防止儿童预期信念和任务值水平下降的有效策略。
基金
funded by the Ministry of Education and Culture,Finland(OKM/14/626/2013)
