摘要
明确土壤的肥力状况,对于烟叶生产中肥料管理具有指导意义。本试验对上杭县烟区306个土壤样品的p H值、有机质、有效氮、磷、钾、中量和微量元素进行了测定分析。结果表明:上杭县植烟土壤的p H范围为4.2~6.6,土壤处于弱酸性;有机质为8.45~65.93 g/kg,有效氮、磷、钾含量分别为65.90~275.20、3.50~83.50、19.30~200.30 mg/kg。在这些指标中,p H值的变异幅度最小,速效磷的变异幅度最大;土壤速效氮含量丰富,速效磷含量适中,速效钾含量严重缺乏。因此,上杭烟区施肥时可适当增加烤烟专用肥中钾肥的比例,减少氮的比例。对中量和微量元素的测定表明,土壤中硫、铁和铜含量丰富,硼和钙含量严重缺乏,部分土壤氯和锌缺乏,个别土壤镁缺乏。因此,烟叶生产中还要高度重视施用硼肥和钙肥,适度补充镁肥和锌肥,极度缺氯土壤可以少量补充氯肥,利于获得较高的烟叶产量和较好的烟叶品质。
Exploring the soil fertility status of tobacco-growing area has guiding significance to fertilizer management in tobacco production. In the experiment, 306 soil samples in tobacco-growing area in Shanghang County were collected to determine the pH value, organic matter, alkali-hydro nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available medium elements and trace elements. The results showed that the pH value was 4.2-6.6, indicating the soil was weak acid. The contents of organic matter, alkali-hydro nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were 8.45-65.93 g/kg,65.90-275.20 mg/kg,3.50-83.50 mg/kg and 19.30-200.30 mg/kg,respeetively. The variation of pH was the smallest,and that of available phosphorus was the largest. The results also indicated that nitrogen content was rich ,phosphorus content was moderate, and potassium content was severely lacking. Thus ,the proportion of potassium in tobacco fertilizer should be increased ,and the proportion of nitrogen should be reduced. Determination results of medium and trace elements showed that the contents of sulfur, iron and copper were rich, and the contents of boron and calcium were serious lacking, and contents of chlorine, zinc and magnesium were deficient for the part of the soil of tobacco-growing areas in Shanghang County. Therefore, in the tobacco leaf production, it should attach great importance to the application of boron and calcium fertilizer, and supply appropriately the fertilizer of magnesium and zinc. Chlorine fertilizer should be supplied when the soil was extremely short of it, so as to obtain higher yield and better quality of tobacco leaves.
出处
《现代农业科技》
2017年第1期191-194,202,共5页
Modern Agricultural Science and Technology
基金
福建省烟草公司龙岩市公司科技与创新项目"职业烟农队伍建设探讨"
关键词
烟区
土壤肥力
评价
福建上杭
tobacco-growing areas
soil nutrients
evaluation
Shanghang Fujian
