摘要
渤海油区年产原油3 000×10~4t,约占中国海洋石油产量的70%。渤海油区位于渤海湾新生代陆内裂谷盆地的中东部,勘探面积约4.5×104km2。渤海油区具有鲜明的石油地质特征:著名的郯庐大断裂纵贯渤海,新近纪断裂活动强烈,促进石油的纵向运移,但不利于油藏的保存;中新世—上新世发育河湖相沉积,上部储-盖组合广泛分布,为浅层石油富集创造了条件;古近系生油岩埋藏深,新近系储-盖层较浅,石油垂向运移距离远,运移途径复杂。针对渤海复杂的石油地质条件,经过20年认识—实践—再认识的探索,提出1大断裂-砂体"中转站"模式运移能力强、2小断层及走滑断裂运移油气能力弱、3地层—断层组合关系控制油气富集部位、4临界盖层控制断裂活动带油田形成、5圈闭汇油面积大小决定油田规模、6主力油田展布可分为凸起与凹陷富集型、7小凸起上的披覆背斜利于形成大油田7项创新学术思想,构成了浅层油气运聚理论并指导勘探,渤海勘探团队在短期内高效发现了7个大油田、17个中型油田,共27×10~8 m^3地质储量,奠定了中国第二大油区的储量基础。
The annual output of crude oil reach3 000×10~4 t in the Bohai Sea,accounting for about 70% of offshore oil production in China.Bohai oildom is located at the central and eastern Cenozoic intracontinental rift basins in Bohai Bay,with an exploration area of about 4.5×104km2.Bohai oildom has distinctive petroleum geological characteristics;the famous Tan-Lu Fracture Belt pass through the Bohai Sea from north to south;Neogene fault activities are intensive,which accelerate the vertical oil migration,but is not conducive to the reservoir preservation;fluvial-lacustrine sediments are developed during the Miocene-Pliocene period,in the upper part of which reservoir-caprock assemblage is widely distributed,creating conditions for shallow petroleum accumulation;Paleogene source rocks are buried deep,and Neogene reservoirs and cover rocks are relatively shallow;the petroleum migration path is complicated with long vertical migration distance.According to the complicated geological conditions of the Bohai Sea,after 20 years of exploration in cognition-practice-recognition mode,7innovative academic ideas have been proposed as below：（1）the large fault-sandbody transfer station mode has strong migration ability;（2）the migration ability of small faults and strike slip faults is weak;（3）the formation-fault assemblage determines the place where hydrocarbon accumulates;（4）critical cover controls the formation of oil fields in the active fault belt;（5）the oil collecting area in the trap determines oil field scale;（6）the distribution of main oil fields can be divided into salient enrichment type and sag enrichment type;（7）drape anticlines on a small salient are favorable for the formation of large oil fields.These ideas constitute the shallow hydrocarbon migration and accumulation theory for guiding actual exploration.Through a comprehensive study,the Bohai exploration team found7 large oil fields and17 middle-scale oil fields in a short time,and the total geological reserves amount to 27×10~8 m^3,laying the reserve base of the second largest oil field in China.
作者
邓运华
薛永安
于水
刘春成
Deng Yunhua Xue Yong＇an Yu Shui Liu Chuncheng(CNOOC Research Institute, Beijing 100028, China Tianjin Branch, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, Tianjin 300452, China)
出处
《石油学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第1期1-8,共8页
Acta Petrolei Sinica
基金
国家重大科技专项"近海富烃凹陷资源潜力再评价和新区
新领域勘探方向"(2008ZX05023-001)资助
关键词
渤海油区
浅层油气藏
运聚理论
中转站模式
汇油面积
断裂活动带
Bohai oil region
shallow reservoirs
migration and accumulation theory
transfer station mode
oil collecting area
active fault belt
