摘要
目的:深入了解山西省贫困地区小学生心理健康状况,掌握小学高年级学生心理特征,明白实施心理健康教育的必要性。方法:采用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)量表,调查了山西省中部某贫困县城乡结合部小学248名4~6年级学生的心理健康状况。结果:(1)从总体看,严重问题检出率为2.42%,有1项及以上阳性因子数的被试占总体的77.82%;(2)随着受测群体的年级升高,总体心理健康水平在逐渐下降;(3)从男女内容量表得分看,恐怖倾向差异显著(t=-2.065,P<0.05);(4)从独生子女与非独生子女的内容量表得分看,冲动倾向差异显著(t=2.792,P<0.01);(5)优等生、中等生和后进生在学习焦虑、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、过敏倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向上都存在显著性差异(F=4.602~16.142,P<0.01);(6)心理健康水平由高到低排序:非独生子女>独生子女;城镇学生>农村学生;民主型>放任型>专制型>溺爱型。结论:该地心理健康教育基础为零,男生、独生子女、中等生、寄宿生这几类人群心理健康水平较低,家庭、学校、社会需要给予关注。
Objective：To understand mental health status of the elementary school students in poverty-stricken areas of Shanxi province,explore the high-grade pupils＇ psychological characteristics and verify the necessity of implementing mental health education.Methods：The Mental Health Diagnostic Test Scale was adopted in the study to investigate the mental health status of 248high-grade students whose school layed in the poverty-stricken counties＇ urban-rural fringe of central Shanxi Province.Results：（1）On the whole,the detection rate of serious problems was2.42%,the students who possessed more than one positive factor accounted for 77.82% of the total population.（2）With the increase of grades,the overall level of mental health gradually declined.（3）From the boys＇ and girls＇ different scores,terror tendency was the most significant difference（t=-2.065,P〈0.05）.（4）There was significant difference between single-child and non-single child in terms of impulse aptitude（t=2.792,P〈 0.01）.（5） There were significant differences in learning anxiety,people anxiety,loneliness tendency,hypersensitive aptitude,physical symptom,terror tendency and impulse aptitude among different-performances students at school.（6）The mental health level from high to low were：non-only children〉the one children;city students〉rural students;democratic type〉indulgent type〉authoritative type〉doting type.Conclusion：This area＇s psychological education has zero bases,these groups have relatively low mental health levels,involving the school boys,the only children,average students,resident student which families,school and society need to pay attention.
作者
丁嫄
李雪平
DING Yuan LI Xueping(China West Normal University ,Nanchong 637002,Chin)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2017年第1期140-144,共5页
China Journal of Health Psychology
