摘要
通过对山西省太岳山15年生华北落叶松人工林群落的调查,采用生态位理论和Hegyi单木竞争模型对华北落叶松林的种内及种间关系进行了分析。结果表明:(1)群落中华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)和白桦(Betula platyphylla)的生态位宽度较大,生态位相似性比例较高,但生态位重叠值较低,说明目前环境资源较充裕,群落内资源利用性竞争较弱;(2)通过Hegyi竞争指数计算发现,该地区华北落叶松竞争范围为6 m,竞争强度排序为白桦>华北落叶松(种内)>红皮云杉(Picea koraiensis)>黄花柳(Salix caprea),随着胸径的增大,华北落叶松受到的竞争强度逐渐减小;(3)幂函数对竞争模型的非线性拟合结果最为理想,所得的拟合模型能较为准确地预测不同径级华北落叶松的竞争强度情况,通过模型预测发现,华北落叶松在胸径生长达到60~70 cm之后,竞争强度变化不大,群落达到较稳定状态;(4)群落Godron稳定性指数为39/61,距离稳定点20/80较远,说明群落的稳定性较差,未来会产生较激烈的竞争;(5)提出一种新的竞争范围划定方法,采用竞争样圆内单位面积上每株树的平均竞争强度来计算竞争范围,结果更为直观、精确,可以准确地划分竞争的内圈和外圈。
In this study, the intraspecific and interspecific relationships of a 15-year-old Larix principisrupprechtii plantation were analyzed in Mt. Taiyue, Shanxi province, by using niche theory and Hegyi individual competitive index model. The results showed that： （1） niche breadth for L. principisrupprechtii and Betula platyphylla were larger than that of other tree species. There was a high proportion of niche similarity but low degree of overlap between L. principisrupprechtii and B. platyphylla, indicating the abundant environmental resources and the existence of low resource utilization competition. （2） By the calculation for Hegyi competition index, we found that the effect range of competition of L. principisrupprechtii in this area was 6 meters. The competition intensity to L. principisrupprechtii ranked as B. platyphylla 〉 L. principisrupprechtii （intraspecific） 〉 Picea koraiensis 〉 Salix caprea. The competition intensity of L. principisrupprechtii decreased with increasing the diameter of breast height （DBH）. （3） The nonlinear fitting result of the power function was optimum to predict the competition intensity of L. principisrupprechtii with different DBH. The model prediction showed that the community reached a stable stage and the competition intensity changed insignificantly at DBH of 60-70 cm for L. principisrupprechtii. （4） The Godron stability index was 39/61, which was far away from the stable point 20/80. This result manifested the high competition intensity in future; （5） A new partition method defining the effect range of competition was proposed, which could divide inside radius and outside radius accurately by calculating average competitive intensity of each tree in the unit area of competitive sample circle. The method would provide a more visual and precise result.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第2期335-342,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项(201404213)资助
关键词
生态位
竞争强度
Hegyi竞争指数
模型拟合
竞争范围
niche
competition intensity
Hegyi competition index
model fitting
effect range of competition.
