摘要
针对传统下输送链齿式残膜回收机存在的捡拾效果不佳与输膜不畅等现象,提出了上输送残膜回收方式,并对两种输送方式的残膜回收机在拾膜和脱膜阶段的机理进行了分析;从理论角度分析了两种输送方式的可行性,并对其特点进行了比较。分别设计了结构参数相同但输送方式不同的两台链齿式残膜回收机,一台采用下输送方式,而另一台采用上输送方式。在收获后的花生田进行收膜对比试验,对影响机具作业质量的输送方式、输送链转速和脱膜辊转速3个主要因素进行正交试验,结果表明:输送方式是影响机具捡拾率的主要因素,上输送方式的捡拾率达到91.9%,远高于下输送方式,综合作业质量上输送方式优于下输送方式。该对比试验可为链齿式残膜回收机输送方式的选择和未来的研发方向提供参考。
Chain-tooth plastic film residue collector has the feature of excellent soil removing results and high productivi- ty, which is widely used in the area of plastic film residue. The taking film mechanism of chain-tooth plastic film residue collector general adopts lower conveying mode, specifically the film residue is conveyed under the elevating chain. However, because of the character of plastic film residue and the mechanism of lower conveying mode, the collector often appears undesirable phenomenon in the process of actual operation such as bad collecting rate and poor conveying effect. Aiming at these problems, the paper provided upper conveying mode, specifically the film residue is conveyed upon the elevating chain. Afterwards, the mechanisms of taking and stripping plastic film residue of these two conveying modes were ana- lyzed and compared. Based on the theoretical analysis, the analysis results were validated by test. Firstly, two chain-tooth plastic film residue collectors with the same structure parameter but different conveying modes were designed respectively. One was designed by lower conveying mode, the other was designed by upper conveying mode, which had the opposite direction of rotation of elevating chain and stripping roller. Afterwards, contrast tests of collecting plastic film residue were proceeded in the peanut field after harvest. The dominant factors of conveying mode, elevating chain speed and stripping roller speed which affected the working quality of collectors were tested by orthogonal experiment, with the evaluation in- dexes of collecting rate, drop rate and winding rate. The results shown that conveying mode is the dominant factor to affect collecting rate, drop rate and winding rate. The collector with upper conveying had higher collecting rate, with the percentage of 91.9% , while the collecting rate of the collector with lower conveying mode was less than 70%. On the other hand, the drop rate and winding rate of upper conveying mode is higher than lower conveying mode. Lastly, comprehen- sive evaluation was used to make further analysis, which shown that the comprehensive working quality of chain-tooth plastic film residue collector with upper conveying mode is better than the collector with lower conveying mode. The study not only provided a new choice to the conveying mode of chain-tooth plastic film residue collector, but also supplied reference for the future research direction and optimization of plastic film residue collector.
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2017年第5期12-20,共9页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503105_08)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(2013-)
关键词
残膜回收
输送方式
分析
试验
plastic film residue collection
conveying mode
analysis
experiment
