摘要
目的:揭示中年群体休闲体育行为及其限制因素的特征,并对二者的关系进行研究,以期更好地服务于全民健身工程。方法:以山西省中年群体为抽样框,通过分层随机抽样、问卷调查等方法获取山西省中年群体休闲体育行为及限制因素的数据资料,并对数据进行了分析和意义揭示。结果:(1)山西省中年群体休闲体育行为在受教育程度上基本呈现为学历层次越高锻炼越积极,但具有硕士学历者除外;职业阶层特点表现为农民、服务人员最差,退休人员与教师最高;收入越高,体育锻炼行为越积极。(2)山西省中年群体在休闲体育限制方面的特点包括:女性比男性的体验限制得分高;高中及以下学历、大中专体验限制得分高于本科、硕士和博士学历,且差异显著;农民、服务人员、工人社会底层人员限制性因素多,限制程度强,而教师、机关干部和退休人员限制性因素水平低;经济收入方面,不同收入者的主要差异是结构差异,年收入1万元以下的最强,10万元以上的最弱。(3)中年群体休闲体育行为与限制因素之间呈负相关关系,结构限制和自身限制对体育行为影响作用强。结论:受教育程度、性别、职业、收入等人口统计学变量影响中年群体的休闲体育行为与休闲体育限制因素,休闲体育行为与限制因素呈负相关关系。
Objective： The aim is to reveal the characteristics of leisure sports behaviour and its constraints in the middle-aged group and to study the relationship between the two so as to better serve the national fitness project. Methodology： The study was conducted based on the data of the middle-aged group in Shanxi Province,China. The data were collected by means of stratified random sampling and questionnaire survey and some significant findings were identified through detailed analysis against the data. Results：（ 1） In general,the leisure sports behaviour among the middle-aged group in Shanxi Province was increased with their educational level; the people with master degrees were the most inactive ones. As for the occupational factor,farmers and staff in service industry were the worst while retirees and teachers were the most active ones. Also,regarding the income level,the higher the income they had the more active they were in leisure sports behaviour.（ 2） The characteristics of constraints in middle-aged group in Shanxi Province were： Women score higher than men regarding constraints in leisure behaviour experience; people with educational level of high school and below or diploma score higher than the ones who had undergraduate,master and doctoral degree regarding constraints in leisure behaviour experience and the difference is significant; farmers,staff in service industry and workers in lower level had more constraints while teachers,government officials and retirees were less constrained; As for the income level,the difference between the people with different income level makes structural difference,and among them the ones with annual income less than 10,000 CNY has most constraints,those with more than 100,000 CNY has less constraints.（ 3） Leisure sports behaviour and its constraints in middle-aged group has a negative correlation,and the influence caused by structural restriction and self-restriction on the leisure sports behaviour is the strongest. Conclusion： educational level,gender,occupation,income and other demographic variables influence the leisure sports behaviour and its constraints; leisure sports behaviour and restricted factors are negative correlated.
出处
《体育研究与教育》
2016年第6期26-32,共7页
Sports Research and Education
关键词
休闲行为
休闲限制
中年群体
山西省
leisure sports behaviour
leisure constraints
middle-aged group
Shanxi Province
