摘要
目的:探讨有氧体育锻炼与执行功能的"剂量效应"。方法:采用追踪研究设计,以270名大学生为被试,按性别、锻炼强度、频率、时间分成18个实验组,进行16周有氧功率自行车锻炼计划。使用Flanker任务、2-back任务和More-odd shifting任务在锻炼前、1次锻炼后、8周、12周和16周分别测试被试的抑制、刷新和转换功能,考察有氧体育锻炼对执行功能的影响。结果:锻炼的强度、频率和时间对执行功能提高的贡献分别为0.927、0.872、0.813;强度主效应下,男大学生执行功能改善效果为大强度>中等强度>小强度,女性则为中等强度>小强度>大强度;频率主效应下,男、女大学生改善效果为高频率>中等频率>小频率;时间主效应下,男、女大学生改善效果为16周>12周>8周>4周>1次。结论:小强度高频率有氧体育锻炼适用于女大学生的运动干预方案,中等强度中等频率则适用于男大学生的运动干预方案,且以12周为单元周期。
Objective： The purpose of this paper was to investigate the ＂dosage effect＂ between aerobic exercise and executive function. Methods： In a longitudinal study design, we divided 270 college students into 18 experi- mental groups according to gender, intensity, frequency and duration. They were asked to carry a 16 week aerobic exercise program by bicycle ergometer. Their inhibition, refresh and transformation functions were tested by using the Flanker task, 2-back task and More-odd shifting tasks at 5 time points, which are before exercise, after one workout,8 weeks, 12 weeks and 16 weeks, to observe the effects of aerobic exercise on executive function. Results ： The contribution of intensity, frequency and duration to the improvement of executive function were 0.927, 0.872, and 0. 813 respectively. Under the main effect of intensity, the improvement effects of male college students＇executive function are as follows ： high intensity 〉 moderate intensity 〉 low intensity, while the female ones are： moderate intensity 〉 low intensity 〉 high intensity. Under the main effect of frequency, the improvement effects of college students＇ are as follows ： high frequency 〉 medium frequency 〉 low frequency. Under the main effect of duration, the improvement effects of college students＇ are as follows： 16 weeks 〉 12 weeks 〉 8 weeks 〉 4 weeks 〉 once. Conclusions ： Low intensity and high frequency aerobic exercise were suitable for the exercise inter- vention programs of female college students, while moderate intensity and medium frequency were suitable for male ones. Twelve weeks would be the suitable unit cycle.
出处
《北京体育大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第1期58-64,共7页
Journal of Beijing Sport University
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(编号:14BTY089)
中央高校基本科研业务专项资金资助项目
关键词
有氧体育锻炼
大学生
执行功能
抑制能力
刷新能力
转换能力
剂量效应
aerobic physical exercise
college student
executive function
inhibition function
refresh function
transformation function
dosage effect
